Can Individual Virtue Survive Corporate Pressure Essay - 1

Can Individual Virtue Survive Corporate Pressure - Essay Example At the point when corporate administrators refer to ‘market forces’ as ‘compelling outside circumstances’ that prevent power in their dynamic, they are simply uncovering their absence of authority abilities. In addition, as Solomon focuses, laborers in companies â€Å"tend to carry on in congruity with the individuals and desires that encompass them, in any event, when what they are advised to do damages their ‘personal morality’.† (Newton, et. al., 2011, p.63) In numerous ways, what are considered as commendable inside the bounds of an enterprise is generally observed as indecencies outside this domain. For instance, characteristics, for example, the propensity to indiscriminately obey authority, act as one with the crown and declining to assume individual liability for more extensive results have no an incentive outside the corporate structure. Solomon at that point proceeds to refer to prominent rationalists from an earlier time, inclu ding Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill and David Hume in stressing the significance of individual character and prudence. He even alludes to antiquated rationalists, for example, Aristotle and Confucius to underscore his point. In spite of the fact that these savants lived before the modern period, their thoughts hold great across settings, for they do address the benefits of holding firm notwithstanding ‘external’ impulses and specialists. In the cutting edge setting, the predominant organization for power and congruity is the business enterprise. In any case, the distraction of these logicians isn't just whether singular ideals ‘can’ endure.

Tim OBriens The Things They Carried Essays - The Things They Carried

Tim O'Brien's The Things They Carried Basic Review: Tim O'Brien's The Things They Carried Tim O'Brien's The Things They Carried is certainly not a novel about the Vietnam War. It is an anecdote about the warriors and their encounters and feelings that are realized from the war. O'Brien offers a few expressions about war through these dynamic characters. He shows the fierce idea of fighters under the weights of war, he makes a viable antiwar articulation, and he remarks on the inversion of a social deviation into the standard. By ably utilizing the expressive method of explicit, cognizant detail determination and using obvious lingual authority, O'Brien altogether and convincingly comes to each meaningful conclusion. The rough nature that the officers procured during their visit in Vietnam is one of O'Brien's dominating subjects in his novel. By intentionally choosing exceptionally engaging subtleties that uncover the extraordinary change in way inside the men, O'Brien makes inside the peruser a comprehension of the impac ts of war on its members. One of the warriors, Norman Bowler, in any case an extremely delicate individual, conveyed a Thumb. . .The Thumb was dull earthy colored, rubbery to contact. . . It had been cut from a VC cadaver, a kid of fifteen or sixteen(13). Bowler had been a generally excellent natured individual in regular citizen life, yet war makes him into an exceptionally hard-mannered, genuinely void warrior, conveying about a cut off finger as a trophy, glad for his slaughter. The change appeared through Bowler is a fantastic marker of the mental and enthusiastic change that the vast majority of the officers experience. To bring a guiltless youngster from touchy to unresponsive, from minding to scornful, requires an incredible power; the war gives this power. In any case, as often as possible are the progressions progressively extreme. An officer named Ted Lavender embraced a stranded doggy. . .Azar lashed it to a Claymore people killing mine and pressed the terminating device( 39). Azar has gotten maniacal; to execute a little dog that another person has received is terrible. Be that as it may, the curse of brutality has become the standard of conduct for these men; the transitory snapshot of sympathy appeared by one man is in a split second deleted by another, slowing down request inside the gathering. O'Brien here shows a trace of affectability among the men to set up an alarming differentiation between the past and the present for these men. The impact delivered on the peruser by this differentiation is one of loathsomeness; along these lines satisfying O'Brien's motivation, to persuade the peruser of war's seriously negative impacts. In the wild ox story, We ran over an infant water bison. . .After dinner Rat Kiley went over and stroked its nose. . .He ventured back and shot it through the correct front knee. . .He shot it twice in the flanks. It wasn't to slaughter, it was to hurt(85). Rodent shows a serious enthusiastic issue here; be that as it may , it is as yet the standard. The frightening level of separated feeling welcomed on by the war is characteristic in O'Brien's nitty gritty records of the officers' activities concerning the lives of different creatures. O'Brien's utilization of explicit and indicative phrasing improves a similar subject, the loss of affectability and increment in vicious conduct among the troopers. The VC from which Bowker took the thumb was only a boy(13), giving the picture of a youthful, honest individual who ought not have been exposed to the repulsions of war. The undertone related with kid improves the way that executing has no enthusiastic impact on the Americans, that they slaughter for brandish and couldn't care less who or what their game might be. Similarly as unreasonable as murdering young men, however, is the slaughtering of a baby(85), the undertone being related with human newborn children despite the fact that it is utilized to depict a youthful water wild ox they torment. The possi bility of a child is conceptual, and the slaughtering of one is disapproved of in current society, paying little heed to species. O'Brien makes a disposition of sicken in the peruser with the word, further satisfying his motivation in denouncing savagery. Significantly increasingly intense in undertone to be slaughtered is the stranded puppy(39). Adding to the current thought of executing babies is slaughtering stranded children, which brings out wrath inside the peruser. The entire idea is figurative, in light of the implications of

National Bank of Pakistan †Information Technology Review

National Bank of Pakistan †Information Technology Review Free Online Research Papers Visit To NBP cannot Brach on 25/8/2010 Report It was 25th august, when the understudies of Bs (CS) and IT sixth semester went to National Bank of Pakistan principle branch cant to visit a data innovation area. Mr.khalid Badini, the administrator of division, too went with us to administer the visit. Under the direction of Mr. Badini, we investigated the total arrangement of NBP .The assets which we examined out there are give beneath: Assets of NBP in IT division were utilizing: 1. Server (EBS 400 IBM) 2. Switch Cisco 3600 3. PTCL association for net DXX 4. DTU (Used for sink) 5. Database DB2 6. Operating system 400 IBM 7. One Switch 8. Fiber Optic board 9. Clump board 10. Reinforcement were utilizing for web. 1. Wateen 2. Modem (DSL) 3. Radio System/Line 11. Principle application was existing EBS which created in COBOL language. Depiction of given assets. Server EBS 400 IBM machine is utilized as a server in NBP cant Quetta. It is a server which screens the entire area of Balochistan, checking around 23 branches are online in Quetta locale and two branches are online in Gawadar district . NBP cannot branch is utilizing a few assets for systems administration and correspondence: 1. PTCL (DXX) 2. Wateen 3. Modem (DSL) 4. Radio Line The genuine association is DXX, it is 64K data transmission for each Branch. Each branch is spoken with principle server by DTU (Data transmission unit). So it implies there are 25th branches and each branch is utilizing two sets of DTU. One sets is kept in primary branch and another pair is kept in a sub branch and each Branch is utilizing 64K data transmission. It is a conceded truth that DTU is simply utilized for correspondence. Though, NBP cannot branch is spoken with fundamental branch Karachi and they are utilizing 128K data transfer capacity for correspondence. Despite the fact that speed is by all accounts extremely delayed for such colossal association yet we were informed that this sort of speed is being utilized in order to abstain from hacking plausibility and is as per the prerequisites of information transmission and gathering too. Switch Cisco 3600 is utilized for characterizing the underlying foundations of each branch and it has been arranged by principle branch through the telnet. NBP is utilizing three different associations as a support of system correspondence cum Wateen, Radio Line and Modem .If the real given line is down or separated then reinforcement consequently works. My Views Under the direction of our Chairman Mr. Khalid Badini, we not just came to think about the ABC of EBS yet we additionally built up the sense to work this framework too. As research is a need of each understudy to learn and the very visit, with the generosity of our Chairman, gave us the opportunity to gain some new useful knowledge that was not in our insight previously. At long last, I miss the mark regarding words to thank the Chairman for orchestrating decent outing and demonstrate my idealistic would like to have such excursions in future too to raise our insight. Research Papers on National Bank of Pakistan - Information Technology ReviewThe Project Managment Office SystemBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThree Concepts of PsychodynamicThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseDefinition of Export QuotasStandardized Testing

Oliver Twist :: essays research papers

OLIVER TWIST CHARACTERS  Harry ~ He is Mrs. Maylie's child, and he is infatuated with Rose.  Rose ~ She lives with Giles and Brittles, and is uncertain on how she feels about Harry until the end.  Oliver ~ Represents the hopelessness and destitution of the poor during the 1800.  Bil ~ He is an expert hoodlum, a mean individual, a heavy drinker, and is sweetheart of Nancy.  Toby ~ A hoodlum (he is Bill’s right hand).  Nancy ~ A merciful lady who lamentably pays for being that at long last. She is likewise Bil's sweetheart (who she is extremely frightened of).  Brittles and Giles ~ The individuals whose house was broken into by Sikes, Toby, and Oliver. Additionally the individuals who dealt with Oliver after he came to them practically dead.  Mrs. Bedwin ~ Housekeeper for Mr.Brownlow.  Mr. Brownlow ~ Oliver's first disciple, he and Mrs.Bedwin took generally excellent consideration of him.  Fagin ~ Teaches kids how to become hoodlums, yet everything he does is make the youngsters take for him with the goal that he doesn’t need to do it without anyone's help or a so he wouldn’t get found doing it.  Doctor Losberne ~ Doctor that helps Oliver after he get shot in the arm.  Mr. what's more, Mrs. Blunder ~ Preppy and Snobby individuals, and they detest Oliver.  Mrs. Cheesy ~ Mr. Blunder's significant other, it was her last name by birth before she was hitched to him.  Mr. Priests ~ He was otherwise called the outsider, yet he was truly Edward Leeford (Oliver sibling).  Mrs. Maylie ~ She is Harry's mom. Outline Bil Sikes, Toby Crackit, and Oliver burglarized Brittles and Giles. During the time spent the burglary Oliver is shot in the arm thus Sikes wouldn't get captured he left Oliver in a discard to bite the dust. The following morning he strolls to Brittles and Giles house and took him in and called the Doctor. At the point when the specialist came he said that he was exceptionally eager to see the kid. After Oliver's arm is dealt with Brittles, Giles, Rose, Mrs. Maylie, and the specialist chose not to tell the police, however what they choose to do is deal with him and give him a home. At the point when Oliver revealed to them his story they felt awful for him, so they disregarded him to recuperate. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â When Oliver recovered he discovers that Mr. Brownlow and Mrs. Bedwin had moved toward the West Indies.

Thinking Religion Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Thinking Religion - Research Paper Example This paper responds to some important inquiries concerning misguided judgments individuals and I had about Baptists. Like each individual who isn't a Baptist, I too had certain confusions about Baptists. These confusions came to fruition in conversations with rehearsing Baptists. What I thought was a piece of their convictions later ended up being close to home understandings of the way that they read the Bible and comprehend their religion. . There is the general conviction that the Baptist church overlooks fetus removal. Notwithstanding, after a visit to a Baptists church it happened that they contradict fetus removal whenever done distinctly to keep away from duties as a parent and as methods for contraception. Be that as it may, they accept that a fetus removal might be performed to spare the mother’s life, or in the event that that is a constrained origination as when a lady is assaulted. Regardless of whether the embryo is twisted and has little odds of driving an ordina ry autonomous life, a fetus removal may be done to spare the kid from an existence of hopelessness. For the most part the Baptists put stock in the sacredness of life (Dutch, 2002). Another misinterpretation that I harbored was that music isn't reasonable for Baptists. That is likewise false on the grounds that you will discover a â€Å"hymn book† in each seat in all Baptist Churches. Not many administrations are done or finish up without songs .However, there are a few holy places that totally reject any type of present day music, and the chapels despite everything cling to the old psalms. These holy places as a rule permit a few guitars without intensifiers, yet the guitar won't be joined by some other instrument. Accordingly permitting current music isn't an issue as such not with individuals who like the music to such an extent as the individuals who restrict it. Anyway a few chapels permit contemporary, yet in actuality empower the utilization of new arrangements. At the point when the 60’s introduced another period of music, the Baptist church got another time of Gospel music. Truth be told Carmichael who was one of the most looked for after music chief of popular music in the 60†s additionally created numerous Gospel songs. The songs that Carmichael created are still extremely well known and have extraordinary tunes (Dutch, 2002). Another misguided judgment is that Baptists just have faith in the St. James Bible, which is the main book of scriptures to be mass delivered and circulated. This misguided judgment came about in light of the fact that some Baptist places of worship demanded that admirers going to the congregation were given St. James books of scriptures as it were. Individuals getting their own books of scriptures were distinctly asked by ushers which books of scriptures they had, and if were some other rendition of the holy book, they were approached to utilize the St. James book of scriptures as it were. The individuals who denied were approached to leave the congregation. This gave everybody the feeling that Baptists had confidence in the St. James Bible just and no of different renditions of the good book which individuals utilized. These traditionalist Baptists accepted that different forms were false understandings of the expression of God, and that the genuine expression of God must not be weakened or misjudged at all. This furious discussion was produced by Dr. Diminish Ruckman with his book, Bible Babel (1964). Dr. Subside eagerly assaulted the individuals who didn't concur with him. This threatening vibe made humiliation Baptists when the discussion spread significantly over the Internet. Numerous sites were focused on this issue, each with its own adaptation. Some were absolute unfriendly and imply that negates any type of scholarly conversation (Dutch, 2002). Prior to this debate, picking a book of scriptures adaptation was very simple. Anyway there are a few researchers who have kept up confidence and obligation in these

Self-Monitoring in the Treatment of Eating Disorders

Self-Monitoring in the Treatment of Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Treatment Print Self-Monitoring in the Treatment of Eating Disorders By Elisha Carcieri, Ph.D. Updated on January 19, 2020 Yellow Dog Productions / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Treatment Symptoms Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention In the treatment of eating disorders, logs or diaries are also known as self-monitoring records. Self-monitoring involves keeping track of behaviors, symptoms, or experiences over time. Self-monitoring is an important part of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for many mental health disorders. For depression or anxiety, for example, therapy often involves keeping track of thoughts and associated emotions and behaviors. For insomnia, patients are usually asked to keep sleep logs. Keeping track of eating habits with a food log or diary can help you to better understand your current problems in order to promote change. Why Self-Monitoring is Helpful One of the reasons self-monitoring is so helpful is that it can be very difficult to recall thoughts, feelings, or behaviors after some time has passed. In the moment self-monitoring makes it possible to get an accurate picture of what is really going on with your eating behavior. This can be an important tool whether you are working to change a behavior or problem on your own (self-help), or while working with a therapist. Self-monitoring is a key part of enhanced CBT for eating disorders (CBT-E) and begins following the first session of therapy. Self-monitoring records are reviewed with your therapist during each CBT-E session. Challenges to Self-Monitoring There are challenges associated with self-monitoring. It takes time and effort to complete the records after each meal or snack and may require some planning on your part. However, you can remind yourself that self-monitoring is an integral part of recovery and it is not a practice you will have to maintain forever. Many people have also experienced recording their food intake for weight loss programs and were made to feel bad whenever their records revealed that they did not successfully stick to the diet. As a result, they may have felt embarrassed or ashamed of seeing their eating patterns recorded on paper. Your therapist, on the other hand, takes a very different approach to your records and will not judge you or ridicule you. Instead, he or she will work with you to use self-monitoring as a tool to provide insight into your eating disorder and inform your treatment. How to Keep a Food Record It is recommended that you jot down the following as part of your self-monitoring record: Everything you eat and drink over the course of the day and nightAny thoughts or feelings that went along with consuming that meal or snackWhether that particular episode of eating is considered a binge (according to you)Whether you  did anything to try to shed the calories, such as vomiting, using laxatives, or exercisingLocation (for example, “at the dinner table,” or “in front of the television)Any relevant contextual factors, thoughts, or feelings (for example, “at family get together,” or “I ate too much,” or anxious, depressed, happy) You should initially keep your self-monitoring logs without making any changes to your eating patterns for at least a week to begin to identify patterns and themes. See if you can identify any problematic behaviors or associations. For example, you may notice that you are much more likely to binge eat after fasting for many hours during the day. After this period of time, you can move on to making some changes in your eating patterns. The next step is to make changes to any problematic patterns and to establish a regular pattern of eating. Paper or App Formats are Both Okay for Self-Monitoring Self-monitoring is traditionally done using paper and pencil. But technology has allowed for the use of the computer or smartphone apps that are geared toward recovery. Many find that the convenience of electronic records is motivating and a better fit for a busy lifestyle. Recovery Record and Rise Up Recover are both free apps for appropriate self-monitoring that can be used independently or while working with a therapist as part of eating disorder treatment. In fact, a 2018 study found that some eating disorder patients found Recovery Record to be supportive and helpful in their recovery period, though others found it to be obstructive. Some applications also incorporate feedback and encourage the use of adaptive coping skills. There are many apps that may appear to fit the bill for self-monitoring, but focus almost exclusively on calorie counting. However, self-monitoring and calorie counting are not the same. Self-monitoring calls for recording information on emotions, context, and patterns of behavior that simple calorie counting does not. It is this additional information that is so powerful in promoting recovery. In fact, exact measurements and calorie counting are discouraged for people with eating disorders and are not a focus in CBT-E. Many sufferers of eating disorders are very rigid about their food intake and spend a lot of time thinking about what they have eaten and efforts to “make up” for calories they have consumed. Calorie counting is not recommended because it can serve to promote this obsessive behavior. Resources Self-monitoring is one of the first steps toward recovery from eating disorders and can be a rich source of information for anyone struggling with their relationship with food. If you are interested in self-help, the Centre for Clinical Interventions offers a workbook called Overcoming Disordered Eating that includes self-monitoring. Many people may find that they need support from a therapist. The National Eating Disorder Association provides a directory of eating disorder therapists. A Word From Verywell While self-monitoring can prove to be a helpful part of eating disorder recovery, it should never completely replace care from your recovery team and doctors. Be sure to always keep them in a loop about your recovery, including the records you are keeping. If you may be veering toward an unhealthy behavior, they can help you correct it and stay on the road to recovery.

Medical Marijuana, Free Essay Sample

Medical Marijuana Cannabis or marijuana has been known to have adverse effects on the individuals who use it for recreation purposes. Due to the intense danger that marijuana can have on its users, it has been outlawed by most countries. However, there are countries that accept and embrace the use of medical marijuana. Medical marijuana is cannabis and cannabinoids that are prescribed by physicians to their patients. Cannabis is a psychoactive drug that is obtained from the cannabis plant. Cannabinoids, on the other hand, refers to a chemical compound that is obtained from the cannabis plant. The chemical compound functions by altering the normal neurotransmitter release in the brain, and ultimately affecting the possible experience of pain. Accordingly, the paper explores the overall information regarding medical marijuana, the medical uses of medical marijuana and the pharmacology of medical marijuana. In most countries across the world, the use of marijuana is outlawed as it is considered as a narcotic drug. However, there are some countries that have legalized marijuana. The medical marijuana is found in some of the countries where marijuana use has been accepted and even used for medical purposes in countries where it is illegal. Even in the countries where medical marijuana is used, there have still existed extensive tests and set levels of restrictions which the user cannot exceed due to its toxic nature. The short-term effects of marijuana include dizziness, fatigue, vomiting, and hallucination. Long-term effects of the drug, on the other hand, include memory loss, cognition problems, addiction and mental disorders characterized by abnormal social behaviors. Other than the fact that cannabis has been known to posse adverse effects to its users, the drug has also been recognized for its medical values in different cultures over a vast period. Among the top medicinal benefits o f marijuana include the reduction of nausea and vomiting during the administration of chemotherapy, improving appetite in patients who have HIV/AIDS, and the reduction of chronic pains muscle spasms. There are different methods used in the process of the administration of medical marijuana. The means include the use of liquid tinctures, vaporizing or smoking dried buds, ingesting the good sections, using tablets, skin patches, and oral or skin sprays. There are places where synthesis cannabinoids are available as prescription drugs. The Medical Uses of Marijuana Some patients who undergo chemotherapy have been noted to be extensively nauseated and even vomit either during the exercise or after the exercise; medical marijuana has been discovered to be one of the main ways that can be used to manage the situation. Despite the effectiveness of the marijuana in managing the nastic felling and even the vomiting, it is rarely used because it also possesses side effects such as dizziness. The drug is also highly essential in handling HIV/AIDS patients. In most instances, the patients are known to lose appetite. The administration of medical marijuana to these individuals is however helpful as it acts as a fast and efficient way of boosting their appetite. The most common use of medical marijuana has been to manage pains. The drug has been realized as an efficient and effective way of reducing and handling chronic pain in a vast number of conditions. In the instances when it is meant to reduce pain, the most effective way of administration is by i nhaling. Cannabis has also been proved to be effective in the treatment of peripheral neuropathy. The marijuana can also be used in the treatment of neurological problems, including epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and locomotive issues. Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms can also be treated using medical cannabis. Pharmacology The species of cannabis that are used for the medicinal purpose include cannabis sativa and cannabis indica. The plant cannabis has a total number of approximately four hundred and sixty compounds. Around eighty of these compounds contain chemical compounds that can react with the brains cannabinoid receptors. The main cannabinoid receptors that are responsive to a large number of the effects of cannabinoids are BB1 and CB2. These receptors are both found in the G protein-coupled receptors. The CB1 receptors are associated with psychoactive effects because they are located in the brain, while CB2 is responsible for pain modulation as they are located in the entire body. The absorption of cannabis in the body depends on the method that was used in its intake. If it is consumed through smoking, it is quickly delivered to the brain from the lungs. Oral administration, on the other hand, will require the longest time for the substance to be absorbed by the body. Similar to absorption, the distribution of cannabinoid across the body is also dependent on the modes of administration. The fastest absorption rates are associated with the administration methods of smoking and the inhalation of vaporized marijuana. If the marijuana is consumed orally, the absorption rate is low as the substance first has to undergo the metabolic processes of the body before it is finally absorbed into the body and distributed. With regards to the metabolisms of the substance, if the substance is inhaled or smoked, it is metabolized much faster than in the even that it is ingested. The ingested substance first has to be broken down, absorbed into the body, taken to the liver through the bloodstream, before eventually traveling to the brain then back to the liver. A majority of the metabolite is excreted in feces, rather than urine. This is mainly due to the large propensity of the HTC and CBD that undergoes metabolisms. After the product undergoes metabolism, there is the production o f approximately thirty metabolites. Most of the metabolites are glucuronidation products. As a result, around 65 percent of the waste is excreted in feces, 25 percent through urine, and 10 percent through means such as sweating. Marijuana has been proved to possess a wide range of negative side effects. As a result, the product has been outlawed across most of the countries in the world. However, alongside its negative effects, its medicinal values have been appreciated in some countries. There are countries that have outlawed its recreational use but embrace its medicinal importance under strict rules and observations. It is mainly used for preventing vomiting and nausea in patients undergoing chemotherapy, boosting appetite in HIV/AIDS patients and for managing pain. There are different ways through which it is introduced into the body, including inhalation, injection, and ingestion. The rates of its breakdown, absorption, metabolism, and excretion are all dependent on the methods through which it was administered to the body. Due to the adverse negative effects that marijuana has on the body, its usage for the medicinal purpose is only accepted if it is delivered by a qualified health practitioner. It i s not administered continuously for the sake of minimizing cases of addiction.

Motives for British Imperialism in Africa - 5664 Words

Motives for British Imperialism in Africa Before the Europeans began the New Imperialism in Africa, very little was known about the inner parts of the continent. However, after some explorers delved deeper into the heart of Africa, the Europeans soon realized how economically important this area was, and how much they could profit from it. At the time, Britain had only small occupations of land in Africa, but after they realized that they could make money from the rich resources from the inner regions of Africa, they wanted to invade the African countries and take over. This led to the scramble and ultimately, the partition of Africa. During the Age of Imperialism, from 1870-1914, Britain was a major country, which proved to be true in†¦show more content†¦They took up the scientific ideas of natural selection and the survival of the fittest and applied the concepts to the human social world. However, some westerners actually genuinely thought that they should help and westernize the inferior countries of the world . The British went into Africa, thinking that it was their duty to spread their advances of medicine, law, western civilization, and the Christian religion. This was proved to be embraced in the anthem of imperialism, called the White Mans Burden by Rudyard Kipling. He expressed in the poem that the duty of the white man was to teach and help the people who they cast the inferior rank to. However, it is hard to believe that this was Britains most important goal in their imperialism. Finally, the most important reason to British imperialism was their desire to advance economically. Their economy was primarily based on trade, and because colonies could be added as a form of imperial control, it only furthered and expanded trade. Because such countries as Germany and France began to rise to power, Britain was confronted with competition, so they felt that they had to take the African land first. The British feared that as the other countries began to become stronger and more stab le, they would steal their markets, so that is how the scramble for Africa starts. As for the Suez Canal, it became extremely important for money making TheShow MoreRelated Motives for British Imperialism in Africa Essay5613 Words   |  23 PagesMotives for British Imperialism in Africa Before the Europeans began the New Imperialism in Africa, very little was known about the inner parts of the continent. However, after some explorers delved deeper into the heart of Africa, the Europeans soon realized how economically important this area was, and how much they could profit from it. At the time, Britain had only small occupations of land in Africa, but after they realized that they could make money from the rich resources from the innerRead MoreMotives That Contributed to Imperialism732 Words   |  3 PagesMOTIVES THAT CONTRIBUTED TO IMPERIALISM Imperialism is defined in the dictionary as being a The policy of extending a nations authority by territorial acquisition or by establishing economic and political hegemony over other nations (p 681 American Heritage college Dictionary). Usually people associate imperialism as being the domination of a small country by a larger, more powerful country, usually to the advantage of the larger country. At the beginning of the nineteenth century most of theRead MoreHow Did Imperialism Effect The Areas Of Africa, China, And India?1615 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Imperialism How did imperialism effect the areas of Africa, China, and India? Imperialism is the act of a strong nation overtaking a smaller, weaker nation. There are many reasons why imperialism occurs, including motives from an economic standpoint, as well as just a way to show and achieve power. There were both positive and negative effects to imperialism, with the loss of many original citizens, but gaining different ways of life through cultural diffusion. For instance, many EuropeanRead MoreImperialism And Its Impact On The Domestic Institutions Of Africa Essay1525 Words   |  7 PagesImperialism, when one country dominates another for its own benefit, is an expansion policy that has reigned for centuries. Over time, imperialism has drastically changed in its magnitude and severity. At the turn of the nineteenth century, a â€Å"new,† more aggressive and competitive form of imperialism emerged and completely dismantled the domestic institutions of various developing countries. Africa in the nineteenth century is a prime example of the â€Å"ne w† imperialism in effect. How was Africa affectedRead MoreNotes on Colonialism and Imperialism1489 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 33 Notes * Foundations of empire * Motives of imperialism * Modern imperialism * Refers to domination of industrialized countries over subject lands * Domination achieved through trade, investment, and business activities * Two types of modern colonialism * Colonies ruled and populated by migrants * Colonies controlled by imperial powers without significant settlement * Economic motives of imperialism * European merchants and entrepreneurs made personalRead MoreThe War Of The Colonial Expansion1472 Words   |  6 PagesFriedrich Fabri is in favor of the colonial expansion because he believes it will be quite beneficial for their economy and national development. His view on the motives for the imperialism is that it will be economic and political. Fabri states in his article, â€Å"Many things in the new nation are already made bitter through unproductive political quarreling, soured and poisoned, so that the notification of a new promising course of national development will produce a liberating effect, as the nationalRead MoreA New Concept Of Foreign Affairs1477 Words   |  6 Pagescentury a new concept of foreign affairs was introduced to Asia and Africa: New Imperialism. New Imperialism began in the 19th century when Europeans, mainly Great Britain, began colonizing Asia and Africa. Europeans used military, political, and economic power to take over weaker countries. I mperialism had an overall negative effect on the indigenous people of Asia and Africa. Economic motives were a major cause of New Imperialism. By the late 1870’s countries were industrializing rapidly. GreatRead MoreThe Colonization Of Africa During The Late Nineteenth Century936 Words   |  4 PagesImperialism occurs when a strong nation takes over a weaker nation or region for economic, political, or social reasons. This type of foreign policy was practiced by European nations throughout the 1800s and early 1900s. Began in 1870s, Europeans started to colonize Asia and Africa by using military force to take control of local governments and exploited local economies for raw materials required by Europe’s growing industry. The takeover of Africa during the late nineteenth century has been knownRead MoreThe Heart Of Darkness By Joseph Conrad1305 Words   |  6 PagesKashif Qureshi Western Civilization II 4/18/2016 Question #1 Imperialism is when a country is extending it’s influence by acquiring other governments or territories through diplomacy or military force.There are many motives for imperialism attributed to the different characters in â€Å"The Heart of Darkness† by Joseph Conrad. For example the men who work for the Company describe what they do as trade, and their treatment of native Africans is part of a humane project of civilization. But what theseRead MoreImperialism in South Africa1078 Words   |  5 PagesDuring Imperialistic times South Africa was a region of great resources that was greatly disputed over (Ellis). Europe’s main goal during these times was to compete against each other and played a â€Å"game† of which country can imperialize more African countries than the other. Imperialism was a curse to South Africa, because many wars, laws, and deaths were not necessary and would not have happened if South Africa were not imperialized. Imperialism is the domination by one country of political, economic

Essay on Piagets Learning Theory in Elementary Education

Piaget’s Learning Theory in Elementary Education In order to support children’s growth educators try to provide a stimulating classroom environment. They implement different strategies, tools and practices to help achieve this goal. Since educators play an important role in children’s development they should be familiar with developmental psychology and know of its educational implications in the classroom. There are two major approaches of developmental psychology: (1) Cognitive development as it relates to Piaget and (2) social development as it relates to Vygotsky. An educator may find it useful to study Piaget’s theory of cognitive development to help children build on their own knowledge. Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development.†¦show more content†¦In the sensorimotor stage the child discovers the environment through physical actions such as sucking, grabbing, shaking and pushing. During these first two years of life children realize objects still exist, even if it is out of view. This concept is known as object permanence. Children in the preoperational stage develop language skills, but may only grasp an idea with repeated exposure. As Piaget describes in the next stage, children draw on knowledge that is based on real life situations to provide more logical explanations and predictions. Lastly, in the formal operational stage children use higher levels of thinking and present abstract ideas. The concept of equilibrium and disequilibrium are important to the four stages of development. Equilibrium is achieved through balance and successful stage transition while disequilibrium is the opposite. In achieving this balance the child â€Å"adjust his or her thinking (schema) to resolve conflict† (Powell Kalina, 2009, p. 241). According to Piaget, assimilation occurs when knowledge matches children’s schemas and accommodation occurs when children change their schemas to fit new knowledge. Educational Implications of Piaget’s Theory. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development is well-known and provides a basic understanding of the cognitive process and how childrenShow MoreRelatedJean Piaget s Influence On Children961 Words   |  4 Pagesissues. The abnormality of his home sparked an interest in Piaget to learn and discover outside of regular school curriculum. During his elementary school years, Piaget implored Paul Godet, the director at the Neuchatel museum of Naturel History, to allow him the pleasure of studying â€Å"the museum’s mollusk collection after hours† (Brainerd, 1996, 191). Godet became Piaget’s tutor, teaching him the methods of classification. Piaget began publishing his discoveries in 1907 at the age of ten. However, as wordRead MoreThe Theory Of Child Development1053 Words   |  5 Pagesconsider theories of child development when creating lesson plans, are more effective. As art educators, we understand that it i s our responsibility to educate ourselves on the latest research of art development in order to better serve our educational institutions through providing a quality art education for the future generations of innovators in America. Piaget’s stages of cognitive development stages thoroughly explain the biological transition that occurs in elementary school learning and laidRead MoreAlbert Bandura s Social Learning Theory1503 Words   |  7 PagesBandura’s Social Learning Theory with Piaget’s Cognitive Theory. compare and contrast Albert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory with Piaget’s Cognitive Theory. How applicable is the Social learning Theory to the Zambian Educational system. Both Albert Bandura and Jean Piaget were psychologists who contributed greatly in the field of psychology. This implies that there are some similarities and differences between Albert Bandura’s Social learning theories with Piaget’s cognitive theory. On the otherRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Cognitive Development Theory745 Words   |  3 PagesPiaget s Theory of Cognitive Development Numerous papers have been written on Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development Theory. Most fall short of helping others understand what exactly Jean Piaget means when it comes to the three basic components to Piaget’s Cognitive Theory. These two articles I have chosen to use in this paper, give the best explanation on his theory. This paper will go into detail on the key concepts of Piaget’s Cognitive Theory and hopefully help others understand in itsRead MoreReflection: Kids Are Different Today1458 Words   |  6 Pagesthat their answer would be quite different from those two already mentioned. Today, technology is not the only element that has affected change on children in today’s world. The article, â€Å"Kids Really Are Different These Days,† discusses how â€Å"Upper elementary children today, while retaining many of the characteristics ascribed to them generations ago by theorists such as Piaget, Erikson, and Kohlberg, are differentâ₠¬  (Coyl, 2009, p.404). Diana D. Coyle discusses how physical development, media and technologyRead MorePiagets Theory of Cognitive Development Essays1715 Words   |  7 Pagesby the age of 10, completed his bachelor’s degree by the age of 18, and at the age of 22 received his PhD from the University of Neuchatel. Piaget spent many years of his life researching the developmental and cognitive knowledge of children. The Theory of Cognitive Development places focus on human intelligence and developmental thinking. â€Å"Influenced by his background in biology, Piaget (1950) viewed intelligence as a process that helps an organism adapt to its environment† (Rider and SigelmanRead MoreThe Stages Of The Stage Essay1351 Words   |  6 Pageslogically, and abstractly, and be able to identify relationships between things (Cherry, 2015). The Piagetian conservational task created by Jean Piaget is separated into seven different tasks, number, length, liquid, mass, area, weight, and volume. This theory by Piaget was created to test the logical thinking of a child, according to Piaget logical thinking is not shown to be in a child while in the preoperational stage, but they do develop it in the concrete operational stage. These concepts are in thisRead MoreCase Study. Joseph Segovia Is A 28-Year Attending A Small1180 Words   |  5 Pagesattending a small public university in west Texas, where he is enrolled in graduate level Education courses. Joseph is the eldest child of Jose and Jo Ann Segovia, both public school teachers in San Antonio, Texas. Jose is a retired music teacher and school administrator; Jo Ann is currently a Special Education teacher. Joseph has played music professionally all his adult life and has recently begun teaching Elementary music at a Title 1 campus in a large school district in Texas. Physical DescriptionRead MoreVygotsky s Sociocultural Theory Of Development2288 Words   |  10 PagesThis assignment will discuss the overlying theory of Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory of Development as well as Piaget’s Stages of Development. Through outlining each theory and describing the research, a better understanding will be gained in how each can be applied within a primary classroom. Within the sociocultural theory of development lies terms which will be discussed and critiqued in regards to education. The main terms which will be reviewed are the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD),Read MoreThe Explanation of Vygotsky and Piaget’s Theories Essay2257 Words   |  10 PagesThere are many assessments of Vygotsky and Jean Piagets work during their lifetimes and deaths. Many of their theories have gone beyond what I am sure that they had expected for them too. Teachers, researchers and parents dabble in their theories of child development, social development and other theories when going about their lives. Whether it is a job or parenting it is a must to know about these two philosophers and what they believed to be real. Piaget is said to be the founder of cognitive

Personalized Health Care - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 652 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? Public health advocacy campaigns play a vital role in creating public awareness on a particular health issue of interest. The idea behind public health campaigns is to sensitize persons on the need to adopt specific cautionary measures to enable them manage the transmission and or infectivity of a health condition. It is important to point out here that there exists diverse definitions of public health. For the purpose of this paper, public health is used to broadly refer to the wellbeing of the entire population (Kindig, 2007). The public health issue of interest in this case is Hepatitis B. Hepatitis B is caused by a viral agent. Upon infection, the virus attacks the liver and may precipitate either acute or chronic disease (World Health Organization, 2017). Transmission of the virus takes place through contact with infected body fluids such as blood. Statistically, over 257 million persons are infected with Hepatitis B. In most cases, Hepatitis B infection is fatal. In 2015, it is estimated that the mortality cases precipitated by Hepatitis B were at least 887,000 (World Health Organization, 2017). Epidemiologically, 6.1% of adults in Africa have the infection while in the Western Pacific area, 6.2% of the adults have the infection (World Health Organization, 2017). From these statistics, it is apparent that the condition is a public health concern hence the choice in this paper. In an effort to manage the transmission of the infection, numerous advocacy campaigns have been initiated by governmental and nongovernmental organizations. All persons are at risk and more so the health care workers. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Personalized Health Care" essay for you Create order The San Francisco Hepatitis B Free (SFHBF) is an advocacy campaign that seeks to rid San Francisco of this deadly infection. The initiative, which was launched in 2007, aims at promoting self-awareness among San Francisco residents, encourage diagnosis and pursuit of the available intervention measures (Bailey et al., 2011). The campaign targets both health care workers and the public. Other than promoting awareness, the initiative also provides subsidized Hepatitis B prevention measures. In China, Hepatitis B advocacy campaign is organized by the Gateway to Care Campaign (Cohen et al., 2015). The initiative was launched in 2010 in Haimen city with the objective of awareness creation among the public. The target in this case, as with the previous case, is the health care workers and the general population. The Gateway to Care initiative used a multivariate approach to disseminate information. The methodology involved the use of print media, give away products with educational content and community based events to create awareness (Cohen et al., 2015). The emphasis of the educational material of each approach is customized to cover the transmission, diagnosis, management and prevention. Using this approach, the success rate is considerably high since at least one of these media is likely to ultimately reach the target group. The methodology of SFHBF adopts a culturally designed approach to create awareness on diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention measures (Bailey et al., 2011). In addition, the program advocates for a change in institutional approach in the diagnosis and management of the condition in patients. It is important to point out here that the SFHBF focusses on optimization of the available applicable resources and integration of the entire package into the existing health care organizations. Through intensive grassroots campaign, SFBHF has achieved remarkable success in halting the incidence of Hepatitis B in its population. The only policy I could possibly change is on the safety precautions and measures for protecting health care workers handling Hepatitis B patients. While most of the current advocacy campaigns emphasize on using the existing health infrastructure, it would be appropriate to have specialized centers for managing Hepatitis B cases due to its infectivity. The specialized centers would be equipped with high technology equipment for diagnosis and management to minimize exposure of the health care workers involved. If I were to develop a modified advocacy campaign, it would be take these recommendations into perspective while at the same time integrating the attributes of the other campaigns highlighted herein.

Essay on Obsession With Looks and Appearance in the Hunger...

Appearance and fashion are important factors that drive our societies today. We live in a world where people are judged by the way they look, dress and carry themselves. This phenomenon is display by Suzanne Collins in her New York Times bestseller trilogy the â€Å"Hunger Games†. In this book, Collins presents a dystopian world, a world that is awful and terrible. The different themes used in this book are violence, corruption, obsession, inequality and physical appearance and they somehow related to our world. She compared Panem with our world. The goal of the book is to warn people that if we don’t used resources efficiently, if we don’t help each other, if we still obsessed with money we will end up killing each other. During the games,†¦show more content†¦A boy and a girl are chosen from each one of the twelve districts and brought to the arena where they have to fight to death where there is only one winner. The game is filmed and projected live on television. Despite the roughness and hard environment, appealing to the viewers and sponsors with looks and personality could result in a victory by itself. After all, it is on television, and though the people of Panem are forced to watch it anyway, they still attempt to make it seem like an entertaining show to watch. During the game, the players are fighting for their district and their own life so appearance should not be as important as it seems but when you add the camera, the sponsors and the public, it takes a whole other level. The player don’t want to look scared, they don’t want to appear weak because showing your weakness and losing mentally. We have this in the 2nd chapter, â€Å"â€Å"Prim, let go, I say harshly, because this is upsetting me and I dont want to cry. When they televise the replay of the reapings tonight, everyone will make note of my tears, and Ill be marked as an easy target. A weakling. I will give no one that satisfaction.† (2.11) After the reapings, katniss is dealing with her emotions but don’t want to have the look of someone who is ready to quit, someone who is not a warrior so she doesShow MoreRelatedComparison Between Rich And Poor, Power, Violence, And Terrorism1398 Words   |  6 Pagesterrorism, seen in the film The Hunger Games. The film industry ranks among the most profitable industries the world over. Every year new films are rolled out to quench the thirsts of an ever-widening fan base. Through the consistent production of movies, followers of this genre of entertainment keep up with the latest developments in the film industry (Collins, 2012). Apart from entertainment, movies help in relaying important messages to the wider masses. The Hunger Games (Dir. Ross) provide an ostensiblyRead More Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa Essay examples2484 Words   |  10 Pagesto the point of death. Imagine throwing up repeatedly after every meal. This may seem too harsh of a reality to comprehend, but between 30-60% of all United States females are on calorie restrictive diets. (Reel, 3) These diets eventually lead to obsessions about their desired weight and often result in an eating disorder. The two most prevalent disorders today are; Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa. Bulimia Nervosa affects 2 to 3 % of all women 15 to 40. Many young women between middle and highRead MoreCampaigning for Real Beauty: Dove ® and Changing Stereotypical Body Images as Seen in the Media3020 Words   |  13 Pagesrealistic looking people. As the modern world has changed, the idea of what is beautiful has changed as well. Since the middle of the last century, female adolescents have developed an obsession with their weight and how their body should look according to what is depicted in the media. As a result, this obsession has turned dangerous. Stress is placed on thinness to the point where looking normal is being underweight. Such a body image has become perfection. This is not only seen on televisionRead MoreObesity in America Essay5140 Words   |  21 Pages Week 5 Assignment- Obesity in America GEN499: General Education Capstone Instructor: Mark Bowles Final Paper: Obesity in America Obesity in America is real and profoundly alarming when you look at the major impact it has on our communities. Major health concerns like diabetes, heart disease and high blood pressure cases are at an all time high. Specifically, the disparity between low-income urban inner cities in regards to obesity as comparedRead More Men’s Conflict With Food, Weight, Shape Appearance Essay3937 Words   |  16 Pagesdoes the general public believe only women are victims of body image and eating disorders? Adolescent to adult males are dangerously preoccupied with the appearance of their bodies. The difference between men and women are men almost never talk openly about this problem. Society has taught them that they shouldn’t be concerned about how they look. But countless numbers of men are sacrificing important aspects of their lives to working out compulsively. This leads to distorted body images, which tiesRead MoreAdonis Complex4044 Words   |  17 Pagesdoes the gen eral public believe only women are victims of body image and eating disorders? Adolescent to adult males are dangerously preoccupied with the appearance of their bodies. The difference between men and women are men almost never talk openly about this problem. Society has taught them that they shouldn t be concerned about how they look. But countless numbers of men are sacrificing important aspects of their lives to working out compulsively. This leads to distorted body images, whichRead MoreIbsen11859 Words   |  48 Pagesmore than you think you can spare; then one of these days I’ll buy something with it† (45). Nora becomes ensnared by an obsession for money through which she hopes to gain a sense of freedom. Torvald looks disapprovingly at Nora’s habits calling her a â€Å"spendthrift [bird]† that uses up â€Å"a frightful amount of money,† but Ibsen soon reveals that the motivation of Nora’s monetary obsession stems from a time of p overty (46). The couple lived through a period of financial burden in which Nora had to make homemadeRead MoreDevelopment by Gustavo Esteva8857 Words   |  36 Pagesa people for attaining their own objectives, conscious as he was that it was madness to pursue the goals that others had set; when Rodolfo Stavenhagen proposes today ethno- development or development with self-confidence, conscious that we need to look within and search for ones own culture instead of using borrowed and foreign views; when Jimoh Omo-Fadaka suggests a development from the bottom up, conscious that all strategies based on a top-down design have failed to reach their explicitlyRead More Eating Disorders: Just Dying to be Perfect Essay5629 Words   |  23 Pagesall silently screaming for something: attention, love, help, escape, or forgiveness. Although we might be looking to fill different voids, we never ask for things we need. We feel unworthy, that for some reason we don’t deserve them. So, we play the game of guess what I need from you. You’re inability to guess just feeds our feelings of worthlessness. K. Martel’s description does not necessarily describe shame, but more how she resorts to internalizing her feelings and the effect it has on herRead MoreAsk the Dust by John Fante13686 Words   |  55 Pagesauthor. Having moved from a small town in Colorado, Bandini rides a roller coaster of emotions as he tries to make a life for himself in the big city. Arturo forms a stormy relationship with a Mexican waitress named Camilla Lopez, who becomes an obsession for him nearly as powerful as his career. Their mutual love and hatred for one another, and for themselves, provides an intensely dark comedy that exposes their inner conflicts, their racial bigotry and their low self-esteem as they struggle to survive

Children Literature Free Essays

Children Literature in a Pluralistic Society Mariela Cuevas ENG/290 June 1, 2012 Dr. Denese Wolff How theoretical models and critical approaches apply to children’s literature. The importance of understanding the complexity of the way children’s learn is crucial. We will write a custom essay sample on Children Literature or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each age faces a different challenge and opens a door to a new learning step. Children are like sponges and the responsibility of teaching children is an experience that only teachers that have the passion of education can understand. Children develop a personality and character within the first seven years therefore selecting a good school is as important as creating good food habits, sleeping routine, or reading the appropriate books. Every action can create an impact in a child. Prospective teachers have the responsibility to learn how children develop and the complexity of each age. Learning to understand children’s abilities and curiosity can only be a benefit for the child and the teacher. The book selected is â€Å"The Giving Tree† by Shel Silverstain. This book offers a message that teaches a good lesson about the importance of giving and receiving. The book is very simple vocabulary, and nice simple designs as well. Easy to read, and understand. â€Å"The Giving Tree† offers a simple environment in which the reader can relate. The little boy growing at the same time as the tree is. The tree offers any assistance to please the boy without expecting anything in return but company and fulfilled the need of being needed. The history at the end leaves a good sensation. There are many theories about the child development; however, four of them are relevant to mention. The theory of Jean Piaget focused on the intellectual development. Erik Erikson wanted to understand better about children social development, and Lawrence Kohlberg focused on the moral side. The fourth theory from Vygotsky although explains about social development differs significantly from the rest of theories. One theory that would apply for this book would be the Kohlberg’s Theory of the development of moral judgment in which children start learning about what is right and wrong in life. Kohlberg divides his theory in two stages, or levels, the pre-conventional and the conventional. The Giving Tree† is a book in which children read about giving and receiving. Children learn about sharing moments fun and not so happy too. The book also touch the subject about the evolution of life starting with a little boy looking to play in the swing and ending with an elder man looking to sit. Books as â€Å"The Giving Tree† can offer a different message during the childhoo d, because every age has a different level if understanding therefore â€Å"The Giving Tree† is a highly recommend lecture for children even after the elementary age. How to cite Children Literature, Papers

Harry Lee Kuan Yew free essay sample

His Hakka great-grandfather, Lee Bok Boon who was born in 1846, emigrated from the Dapu county of Guangdong province in China to the Straits Settlements in 1862. Harry Lee Kuan Yew was born on 16 September 1923, at 92 Kampong Java Road in Singapore, a large and airy bungalow. Mr Lee was the eldest child of Lee Chin Koon and Chua Jim Neo. Mr Lee had three other brothers, Lee Suan Yew, Dennis Lee and Freddy Lee and a sister; Monica Lee Kim Mon. Mr Lee belonged to a Peranakan family but as they grew up in British Singapore, he was strongly influenced by British culture. His grandfather, Lee Hoon Leong, had given his sons an English education. His grandfather gave him the name Harry while the name Kuan Yew was given by his father. He was mostly known as Harry Lee for his first 30 or so years, and still is to many close friends and family. Since entering politics, he has mostly styled himself Lee Kuan Yew. Mr Lee married Kwa Geok Choo on 30 September 1950. His wife died on 2 October 2010 in her sleep. They have two sons and one daughter. Several members of Lees family hold prominent positions in Singaporean society. His youngest son, Lee Hsien Yang, was also a former Brigadier-General and former President and Chief Executive Officer of SingTel. He is currently the Non-Executive Director and Chairman of Fraser and Neave Ltd and chairman of the Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore (CAAS). His daughter, Lee Wei Ling, runs the National Neuroscience Institute. Lee Hsien Loongs wife, Ho Ching, is the Executive Director and CEO of Temasek Holdings. Mr Lee was educated at Telok Kurau Primary School, Raffles Institution, where he was a member of the 01 Raffles Scout Group, and Raffles College, now National University of Singapore. His university education was however delayed by World War II and the 1942–1945 Japanese occupation of Singapore. Mr Lee also learned Japanese as an adult and he worked as a Japanese translator during the Japanese Occupation of Singapore. During the occupation, he operated a successful black market business selling tapioca-based glue called Stikfas. Having taken Chinese and Japanese lessons since 1942, he was able to find work transcribing Allied wire reports for the Japanese, as well as being the English-language editor on the Japanese Hodobu, an information or propaganda department, from 1943 to 1944. After the war, he briefly attended the London School of Economics before moving to Cambridge University, where he studied Law at Fitzwilliam College and graduated with Double Starred First Class Honours. He was subsequently made an honorary fellow of Fitzwilliam College. He returned to Singapore in 1949 to practise as a lawyer in Laycock and Ong, the legal practice of John Laycock, a pioneer of multiracialism who, together with A. P. Rajah and C. C. Tan, had founded Singapores first multiracial club open to Asians. I plan to base my research on how Mr Lee made positive impacts to Singapore by contributing to her political aspect. Mr Lee says a major reason for Singapores economic achievements is its political stability. He attributes much of this to the dominant role of the Peoples Action Party (PAP). Mr Lee had a role as an election agent for John Laycock under the banner of the pro-British Progressive Party in the 1951 legislative council elections. This was his first ever experience with politics. However, Mr Lee eventually realised the party was unlikely to win mass support, especially from the Chinese-speaking working class. This was especially important when the 1953 Rendel Constitution expanded the electoral rolls to include all local-born as voters, resulting in a significant increase in Chinese voters. His big break came when he was engaged as a legal advisor to the trade and students unions, which provided Mr Lee with a link to the Chinese-speaking, working-class world. On 12 November 1954, Mr Lee, together with a group of fellow English-educated middle-class men, formed the socialist People’s Action Party in an expedient alliance with the pro-communist trade unionists. Mr Lee described this alliance as a â€Å"marriage of convenience†, since the English-educated group needed the pro-communists mass support base while he communists needed a non-communist party leadership as a smoke screen because the Malayan Communist Party was illegal. Their common aims were to agitate for self-government and put an end to British colonial rule. An inaugural conference was held at the Victoria Memorial Hall, attended by over 1,500 supporters and trade unionists. Mr Lee became secretary-general, a post he held until 1992, save for a brief period in 1957. In the 1955 elections, Mr Lee won the Tanjong Pagar seat. He became the opposition leader against David Saul Marshalls Labour Front-led coalition government. He was also one of PAPs representatives to the two constitutional discussions held in London over the future status of Singapore, the first led by Marshall and the second by Lim Yew Hock, Marshalls hard-line successor. It was during this period that Mr Lee had to contend with rivals from both within and outside the PAP. In the national elections held on 1 June 1959, the PAP won 43 of the 51 seats in the legislative assembly. Singapore gained self-government with autonomy in all state matters except defence and foreign affairs, and Mr Lee became the first Prime Minister of Singapore on 5 June 1959. He would continue his role as Prime Minister until stepping down in 1990, but he continued to wield outsized influence on government as a cabinet member, first as Senior Minister and later as Minister Mentor. He was the worlds longest-serving Prime Minister when he stepped down. Mr Lee spent 52 years in cabinet when finally he resigned in 2011. After Malayan Prime Minister Tunku Abdul Rahman proposed the formation of a federation that would include Malaya, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak in 1961, Mr Lee began to campaign for a merger with Malaysia to end British colonial rule. He used the results of a referendum held on 1 September 1962, in which 70% of the votes were cast in support of his proposal, to demonstrate that the people supported his plan. On 16 September 1963, Singapore became part of Malaysia. However, it was short-lived. Mr Lee openly opposed the bumiputra policy and used the Malaysian Solidarity Conventions famous cry of Malaysian Malaysia! † a nation serving the Malaysian nationality, as opposed to the Malay race. The 1964 race riots in Singapore followed, such as that on Muhammads birthday 21 July 1964, near Kallang Gasworks, in which 23 people were killed and, hundreds injured as Chinese and Malays attacked each other. More riots broke out in September 1964, as rioters looted cars and shops, forcing both Tunku Abdul Rahman and Mr Lee to make public appearances in order to calm the situation. Unable to resolve the crisis, the Tunku decided to expel Singapore from Malaysia, choosing to sever all ties with a State Government that showed no measure of loyalty to its Central Government. Mr Lee was adamant and tried to work out a compromise, but without success. Mr Lee signed a separation agreement on 7 August 1965, which discussed Singapores post-separation relations with Malaysia in order to continue co-operation in areas such as trade and mutual defence. The failure of the merger was a heavy blow to Mr Lee, who believed that it was crucial for Singapore’s survival. In a televised press conference on television that day, he broke down emotionally as he formally announced the separation and the full independence of Singapore. The Malaysian Parliament passed the required resolution that would sever Singapores ties to Malaysia as a state, and thus the Republic of Singapore was created. Singapores lack of natural resources, a water supply that was beholden primarily to Malaysia and a very limited defensive capability were the major challenges that Mr Lee and the Singaporean Government faced. However, Mr Lee would eventually pull Singapore through and help Singapore prosper and enjoy success. Mr Lee began to seek international recognition of Singapores independence. Singapore joined the United Nations on 21 September 1965, and founded the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) on 8 August 1967 with four other Southeast Asian countries. Mr Lee made his first official visit to Indonesia on 25 May 1973, just a few years after the Indonesia–Malaysia confrontation under Sukarnos regime. Relations between Singapore and Indonesia substantially improved as subsequent visits were made between Singapore and Indonesia. Singapore has never had a dominant culture to which immigrants could assimilate even though Malay was the dominant language at that time. Together with efforts from the government and ruling party, Mr Lee tried to create a unique Singaporean identity in the 1970s and 1980s—one which heavily recognised racial consciousness within the umbrella of multiculturalism. Mr Lee and his government stressed the importance of maintaining religious tolerance and racial harmony, and they were ready to use the law to counter any threat that might incite ethnic and religious violence. Lee Kuan Yew had three main concerns – national security, the economy, and social issues – during his post-independence administration. As Singapore gained admission to the UN, Mr Lee quickly sought international recognition of Singapores independence. He declared a policy of neutrality and non-alignment. At the same time, he asked Goh Keng Swee to build up the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) and requested help from other countries for advice, training and facilities. Mr Lee always placed great importance on developing the economy, and his attention to detail on this aspect went even to the extent of connecting it with other facets of Singapore, including the countrys extensive and meticulous tending of its international image of being a Garden City, something that has been sustained to this day. Like many countries, Singapore had problems with political corruption. Mr Lee introduced legislation giving the Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB) greater power to conduct arrests, search, call up witnesses, and investigate bank accounts and income-tax returns of suspected persons and their families. In the late 1960s, fearing that Singapores growing population might overburden the developing economy, Mr Lee started a vigorous â€Å"Stop at Two† family planning campaign. In 1983, Mr Lee sparked the Great Marriage Debate when he encouraged Singapore men to choose highly educated women as wives. He was concerned that a large number of graduate women were unmarried. Some sections of the population, including graduate women, were upset by his views. Nevertheless, a matchmaking agency Social Development Unit (SDU) was set up to promote socialising among men and women graduates. To help Singapore further, Mr Lee looked forward to improving relationships with Mahathir bin Mohamad upon the latters promotion to Deputy Prime Minister. Knowing that Mahathir was in line to become the next Prime Minister of Malaysia, Mr Lee invited Mahathir to visit Singapore in 1978. The first and subsequent visits improved both personal and diplomatic relationships between them. Mahathir asked Mr Lee to cut off links with the Chinese leaders of the Democratic Action Party; in exchange, Mahathir undertook not to interfere in the affairs of Malay Singaporeans. In June 1988, Mr Lee and Mahathir reached an agreement in Kuala Lumpur to build the Linggui dam on the Johor River. After Mr Lee stepped down in 1990, he held only non-executive advisory positions. Mr Lee is still believed to hold sway over many executive decisions. With over half a century of service in government, Mr Lee leaves behind a legacy so long and casts a shadow so large that his actions and accomplishments in office have yet to be fully evaluated by many Singaporeans themselves. As Prime Minister, Mr Lee presided over an exponential increase in Singapores Gross Domestic Product (GDP) from US$704 million in 1960 to US$38 billion in 1990. This figure currently stands at US$222 billion, or over 300 times its level in 1960. Adjusting for cost of living differences, Singapores GDP per capita was ranked 3rd globally by the International Monetary Fund in 2010. This is a remarkable achievement and one that we owe to Mr Lee. Few countries have grown so rapidly, and Singapores economic success has been widely hailed by international observers. The city Mr Lee inherited in 1959 was very different from the Singapore of today. The streets are now sparkling clean, and the city runs like clockwork. Singapore is a leading financial centre, and boasts an impressive skyline that is easily recognizable. Among other things, Singapores public transportation and education systems are consistently rated highly in international rankings. Singapore is also known as a clean and green city, and at least some of this can be attributed to Mr Lees tough stance against chewing gum and littering. Southeast Asia has developed considerably over the past half-century, but Singapore has leaped even further ahead of her much larger and well-endowed neighbours. It is testament to the combined effort of all Singaporeans, under the erstwhile stewardship of Mr Lee and his team that the country now stands as an oasis of prosperity, orderliness and efficiency, almost as an oddity in contrast to the region. Fortunately, Mr Lee’s contributions have not gone unnoticed. He is widely respected by many Singaporeans, particularly the older generation, who remember his inspiring leadership during independence and the separation from Malaysia. Indeed, for many people in Singapore and other countries, Mr Lee is inextricably linked with their perceptions of Singapores country brand. Mr Lee has foresight, great leadership, is influential, passionate and patriotic. We ought to thank him for our wonderful lives here in Singapore.

Artificial Intelligence Self Sustaining Cars

Question: Write about theArtificial Intelligencefor Self Sustaining Cars. Answer: Introduction The morals of automatic reasoning and AI are the major elements of ethics in innovative technologies, mainly, in robotics, self-sustaining cars and in different artificial systems. It's far usually isolated into robotics, the essential concern with the moral conduct of humans is that as to how they construct, configure, make use of and treat an AI device. This study includes the ethical dilemma which is faced by an electric car firm and also by the AI consultant of the company. This study consists of some values in addition to the ethical choices and methods to resolve the moral dilemma. The Australian Computer Society Code of ethics are mentioned in this business report to solve the problems of moral or ethical dilemma. Ethical Analysis Ethical Dilemma The AI consultant at the electric auto organization is asking individuals or all inclusive of how they think a robot auto ought to deal with such critical choices. Their objective is not only for the better calculations and moral principles to control the self-sufficient vehicles, but to comprehend what it will take for the society to acknowledge the vehicles and utilize them. It's simply the prickly moral quandary confronting engineers of self-driving autos: who to murder (Ashrafian, 2014). As Volvo pushes for a trial of self-driving autos on Sydney streets, the new research proposes that individuals by and large are in favour of self-driving autos yielding their travellers to spare others however, they're not all that quick to ride in the utilitarian autos themselves. This struggle between the good values and the individual self-intrigue indicates exactly that how troublesome it will be to settle on choices about programming the autos, regardless of the desires that the vehicles w ill significantly enhance the streets wellbeing (Borenstein, Arkin, 2016). A few troubles of the machine morals or ethics are much corresponding to several different difficulties compulsory in the outlining of machines.Designing a robot arm to abstain from pulverizing stray individuals are not ethically loaded than planning a different idea for the manufacturing of automated cars.It includes new programming challenges, yet no new moral difficulties (Davies, 2016). AI Consultant Consequences In any case, the sheer multifaceted nature of human esteem structures makes it extremely hard to form the AI's inspirations quality-accommodating. Unless, a good logic gives a faultless moral or ethical hypothesis, an AI's consultant utility capacity could be taken as conceivably unsafe situations that accommodate with a granted moral structure yet not "judgment skills" (Etzioni, Etzioni, 2017). As indicated by the AI consultant, there is a little acts to assume that a falsely planned personality might have so much adaptation. The AI consultant proposes an outline that keeps away from some sorts of unintentional AI conducts at firm, including self-daydream, unintended instrumental actions, as well as defilement of a consequence generator. Consequences for the Car Customers As a result of this ethical circumstance, the AI master has developed the most beneficial electric automobiles to diminish the incidents and for saving the lives of the general population (Filipe, 2014). Greatest inconsistency of items over the devilishness. Problems and additionally issues with the utilitarianism. AI Consultant Duties The AI advisor needs to sort out a meeting and in addition ring the CEO and some staff individuals, for example, extend pioneers, designers, and bosses and examine the whole problem with them so as to stay away from the future perplexities. At the point when each and every perplexity identified with the displaying venture is legitimately characterized, then the AI advisor must relegate diverse errands to various staff individuals and to each worker according to their strength and capacity. The AI specialist must dole out the exact day and age to finish the specific errand, so that the venture ought to be finished on time and help the association to achieve the future advantages (Lin, Abney, Bekey, 2011). Typical Response of a Caring Person Typically, the center morals endeavor to keep up the association by contextualizing as well as propelling the success of paternal figures and also mind receivers in an provision of social dealings. Routinely described as a practice rather than a speculation, mind incorporates the keeping up of the trust of the clients, and giving electric autos a moderate mischances on the streets without any doubt (McLaren, 2013). The electric autos that the firm offers to their clients must address all the prerequisites of the association and their clients. John must form an inspiration program for the CEO and other staff of the firm to give care to those people and clients, who are helpless and additionally reliant (Petersen, 2011). ACS Code and Requirements The ACS code of expert alludes to the Australian PC society. The ACS code of morals is the piece of the ACS constitution. As the ACS part, one should need to maintain and propel the pride, respect, and adequacy of being an expert. The power of people in general intrigue: The general population intrigue takes the priority over the individual with regards to the code "The supremacy of the general population intrigue. The improvement of personal satisfaction: The ICT advancements already had the significant effect on our general public and methods for surviving this effect had been useful to the extremely extraordinary degree, for example, ICT likewise had some adverse impact of its advances on everyone and will keep on doing so. Genuineness: In the particular trust of the partners or the calling, one should not need to break the general society trust. The majority of the expert activities and choices must be underlined under the recognition of the most extreme respectability and trustworthiness (Torrance, 2012). Skill: Organization need to be mindful of their own impediment that they have the capability that others don't have. It's not important for the organization to know each of the aspects of the ICT, but when required they should have the capacity to perceive the extra data and skill. Proficient improvement: Keep the firm refreshed with new innovations which are significant or valuable for their work and furthermore firm need to support their partners and staff individuals to do a similar thing. Polished skill: The ICT business is moderately portrayed and designed by the fast changes. The ACS is attempting to advance the general societys trust in the ICT enterprise. Prerequisite letter: The prerequisite for this contextual analysis as per the ACS is given beneath: Open intrigue: Endeavor to ensure the security, trustworthiness, utility, and coherence of the ICT. Trustworthiness: Do not purposely deceive the customer as indicated by the reasonableness of their administrations and item. Fitness: Happily acknowledge the duty of their own particular work. Professionalism: Refrain from the activity that may discolor the picture of the calling into their expert part. Defence for the AI Consultant A typical reaction to ethically vague circumstance is to take care of the law while limiting the harm, however as much as could be expected. This technique is engaging in light of the fact that it not just enables a designer to legitimize the auto's activities without a ton of exertion, it likewise passes the duty of characterizing moral conduct to lawmakers (Siler, 2015). Automated vehicles face a more prominent test. They ought to be chosen rapidly, with inadequate data, in conditions that developers on a regular basis won't have reasoned, utilizing morals that should be encoded truly in programming. Fortunately, people usually don't expect the superhuman astuteness rather a sound avocation for the vehicle's activity that conceives the moral diverges. An answer should not be immaculate, however, it ought to be insightful and solid. Advice for AI Consultant Sooner or later, closer than-may be-agreeable future, a self-sufficient vehicle will end up in a circumstance where something would be turned out badly, and it has two alternatives: possibly it can make a move that will protect its traveler while putting a person who is waking on foot at hazard, or it can make an alternate move that will keep the passerby safe while putting its traveler at hazard. What an AV does in circumstances like these will rely on how it's been customized: as such, what moral decision its product instructs it to make (Petersen, 2011). On the off chance that there were clear moral instructions that society could concede about how the AVs ought to carry on when going up against with such choices, AI consultant could simply program those in and be finished with it. In any case, there is a close vast number of conceivable moral issues, and inside everyone, the most moral strategy can fluctuate from individual to individual. Besides, it's not quite recently the trav elers who have a say in how the AVs carry on, additionally the producers, and almost certainly, the government controllers (Davies, 2016). Conclusion However, in light of the fact that the lawful system for self-sufficient vehicles does not yet exist, AI consultant have the chance to construct one that is educated by morals. This will be the test in making laws and approaches that represent mechanized autos: AI consultant have to guarantee that they bode well. Programming a robot auto to carelessly take over the law may be silly and hazardous. References Ashrafian, H. (2014). Artificial Intelligence and Robot Responsibilities: Innovating Beyond Rights.Science And Engineering Ethics,21(2), 317-326. Borenstein, J., Arkin, R. (2016). Nudging for good: robots and the ethical appropriateness of nurturing empathy and charitable behavior.AI SOCIETY. Davies, J. (2016). Program good ethics into artificial intelligence.Nature. Etzioni, A., Etzioni, O. (2017). Incorporating Ethics into Artificial Intelligence.The Journal Of Ethics. Filipe, J. (2014).Agents and artificial intelligence(1st ed.). Heidelberg: Springer. LAWRENCE, D., PALACIOS-GONZLEZ, C., HARRIS, J. (2016). Artificial Intelligence.Cambridge Quarterly Of Healthcare Ethics,25(02), 250-261. Lin, P., Abney, K., Bekey, G. (2011). Robot ethics: Mapping the issues for a mechanized world.Artificial Intelligence,175(5-6), 942-949. McLaren, B. (2013). Extensionally defining principles and cases in ethics: An AI model.Artificial Intelligence,150(1-2), 145-181. Petersen, S. (2011). The ethics of robot servitude.Journal Of Experimental Theoretical Artificial Intelligence,19(1), 43-54. Poole, D., Mackworth, A. (2011).Artificial intelligence(1st ed.). Cambridge [u.a.]: Cambridge Univ. Press. Siler, C. (2015). Review of Anderson and Anderson's Machine Ethics.Artificial Intelligence,229, 200-201. Torrance, S. (2012). Artificial agents and the expanding ethical circle.AI SOCIETY,28(4), 399-414.

The Weather Underground Essay Example

The Weather Underground Essay Name: Course: Instructor: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on The Weather Underground specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Weather Underground specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Weather Underground specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Weather Underground The film, Weather Underground, is a 2002 documentary based on the American radical organization, The Weathermen. The film, based on real life events characterizing the American political system narrated the ascent and descent of the organization employing the use of archived footage from 1969. Directed by Bill Siegel and Sam Green, the documentary explored the lives of a few young people waging war against the United States Government, who would eventually be inaugurated from college activists to the Federal Bureau of Investigation’s most wanted. Reactions to the film Centered on a political theme, the Weather Underground elicited various but profound reactions. At a time where the United States government was largely involved in the Vietnam War, most Americans were aware of the violence that escalated but could not do anything about the bloodshed. Negative rejoinders were centered on criticizing the group’s violent tactics oninnocent government officials asserting that the youth carried out politics that was misguided. Furthermore, negative reactions stemmed because of the revelries the youth engaged in at college such as sex and drugs asserting that the youth were idle and thus wanted action. However, some reactions praise the efforts of the Weathermen. Most of the reactions deem them as the pioneers of activism and American revolutionaries addressing the repressive tactics of the government to silence the discontentment of the American citizens. Political Views The main theme of the film was on politics. The documentary, though portraying the lives of the Weathermen in 1969, addressed the polarization of the political situation in America between the 1960s and the 1970s. The schism was becoming more acute characterized by the Vietnam War and the Civil Rights Movement, which pressed the government. Such strong issues led to the creation of various youth political movements such as the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) who utilized peaceful protest methods to protest against the Vietnam War. The movements also protested against the role of the United States government in addressing racism because it was profound at that time, especially against the African American community. Furthermore, the movements criticizing the government eventually portrayed the dictatorial side of the government, which used law enforcement agencies such as the police to suppress the efforts of the activists. Storyline The documentary focuses on the lives of a group of college activists bent on addressing the government’s involvement in the Vietnam War and the repression of the Civil Rights Movement. Such issues led to the rise of youth movements who employed peaceful protest techniques to address the political issues. However, some factions of the movements found it ineffective to express peaceful dissent against the government. This notion eventually led to the separation of a group of college activists from the youth political movement, SDS, who advocated for the use of extremist approaches, which the government could not risk ignoring. The group, which would later become known as the Weathermen, joined together with another extremist group, The Black Panthers, and begun participating in street riots and even proceeded to bombing buildings and further planning to bomb government representatives. Eventually, the group became most wanted according to the FBI, undergoing violent suppression tactics and eventually being forced to go underground. The Weathermen will continue being emulated in America’s political history as the voice of a distressed nation. Presently, people are able to form movements that criticize the government without ear of suppression once they express dissent. Furthermore, the group indirectly raised awareness on the privileges and rights accorded by the United States Constitution such as the freedom of association, which at that time the government censored. Without such influential movements, activism and democracy would be devoid of the United States.

Top 7 Ways to Get Rid of Stress and Stay Happy

Top 7 Ways to Get Rid of Stress and Stay Happy Ways to Relieve Stress Naturally Stress is one of the main triggers of all our diseases, and, unfortunately, living in the modern society and not having stress is impossible. Expectations that the world often sets for us are too high and our inability to reach up to those sky-high standards leaves us drained and stressed. When we experience stress, our bodies release cortisone and adrenaline hormones which increase blood sugar level, blood pressure and in worst cases can even lead to organ damage. Therefore, it is very important to learn how to get rid of stress until it takes its toll on us. How do we usually react to stress? Ways of dealing with stress are very different, and, unfortunately, some people dont know how to deal with stress at all. While doctors often recommend medication, the best ways to deal with stress are natural, because natural stress remedies are easily accessible and have the best effect on us. Heres the list of top 7 stress remedies that you can use to release stress: Music therapy: Music affects our daily life, and you can use it to ease tensions within. Music is often used in therapy to heal such conditions as personality issues, autism, depression, cancer, etc. Why not to use it to remove stress? Outdoor walking: This is the easiest and the most accessible way to forget about stress. In addition to reducing stress, it also enhances our general well-being and mental condition. Meditation: Among all these recommendations, meditation is arguably the most important one. Numerous studies prove the beneficial impact of meditation on our well-being. 30 minutes of focused practice can remarkably increase your stress resilience. Message: Thats a great example of how a physical activity influences the mind. Massage reduces stress and improves vascular function. Essential oils that are used for massage eliminate anxiety and soothe the mind. Sleep well: Those who dont get enough sleep have more stress hormones in their bodies. You should sleep no less than 7-8 hours a day to give your mind and body the rest that it deserves. Exercise: According to numerous studies, regular physical exercise protects you from depression and reduces stress levels. It can be football, tennis, jogging or walking. 30 minutes on a daily basis is what rejuvenates your senses and mind. Eating healthy: We become what we eat. Therefore, if all we eat is these horrible hamburgers, then we will turn into sad unhealthy hamburger ourselves. Eat more fruits, vegetables, nuts and whole-grain cereal and you will arm your body with powerful stress-resilient agents. Also, abstain from soda and choose clean water or natural Chinese tea. And the last but not least think positively and find time for a good laugh! Talk to your mind more than it talks to you and sends it positive messages. As for laughing, it releases endorphins hormones of happiness. Never forget that being happy is the best cure for stress!

Should drugs be legalized Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Should drugs be legalized - Essay Example The congress in Canada set up a commission of enquiry to look into the issues that had been raised by the public and the lawyers. Many recommendations were made. To date, those recommendations are yet to be implemented. They have asked the question several times, ‘Should drugs be legalized?’ Before this question is answered, here is background information about substance abuse. Substance abuse is the use of mind controlling harmful drugs and other activity enhancing substances that are not approved for use by any qualified professional medical practitioner. These substances include alcohol, narcotics, cannabis, glue types, stimulants, sedatives, and hallucinogens. Some of these substances are abused against the regulations of bodies such as FIFA. Activity enhancing drugs have been banned from their use in sporting activities. The focus of this article is on the narcotics, such as cannabis, methamphetamine, opium, heroin, and cocaine. Substance abuse means the same as drug abuse. This is because of the dependency effect of the drugs that cause the users to become drug addicts. In a bid to curb drug trafficking and drug abuse, the Drug Enforcement Agency in the United States was formed. Many issues have been raised on whether this business should be made legal since the war on drugs seems a long road without success. Gore Vidal of The New York Times and Will iam Bennett have opinions on this topic that form the basis of this discussion. Should drugs be legalized? Gore Vidal in his article â€Å"Drugs: Case for Legalizing Marijuana,† gives the opinion that the substance abuse in the United States can be a thing of the past if only all drugs are made available but at a high cost. All drugs available should have a clear, accurate, and well-labeled description of the effects of the substance use. According to this writer, the bill of rights in the United States was paramount. Every citizen of the United

Reddix Hospital Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Reddix Hospital - Essay Example It also has 375 intensive care beds in total and can accommodate a total of 2000 patients in the intensive care unit. The hospital aims to specialize in caregiving for cancer and cardiovascular patients. it has employed around 200 doctors whose expertise includes breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, musculoskeletal diseases, and pediatrics. Reddix also employs nearly 400 nurses and other caregivers. The hospital has entirely integrated faculties for medical tests that are related to cancer and cardiovascular prognosis and diagnosis. One of the major problems that the hospital faces is the difficulty in the interoperability within the department systems. The hospital has different departments that cater to the different information needs. The hospital information system comprises the following six systems: Considering the number of systems it has it is evident that the hospital could have interoperability issues. Interoperability refers to the capacity of different and diverse systems and or physical components of a single system to work together through the use of agreed standards and specifications (Cetis, 2008). It helps the organization to create synergy in the organization. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts, being inter-operable, the organization is able to work as a whole instead of working as separate entities. A recent report by the National Health Services criticized the Hospital Administration System of Reddix and said that it was extremely outdated and old and stated its concerns about the patient’s files not being available to the concerned caregivers when it is direly required. This is because Reddix is unable to meet the IT needs that are needed so that the doctors, nurses, and caregivers can easily access all patients’ files electronically when ever they need them. There are many strategies that the hospital can use in order to bring out a successful change.

Civil Engineering: Reflective Journal

Civil Engineering: Reflective Journal Civil Engineering Technical:  Learning Journal Stage 1: Understanding Me My first degree was in Civil Engineering. I choose the field of civil engineering because I wanted to explore and study the inner details of the structure, also my academic strengths was mathematics and I enjoyed doing civil engineering as the most of the subjects was dealt with calculation and structural concepts. I like studying at the university because of the professors were very cooperative. They give me understanding that how the difficult technical data can be easily understood which really helped me a lot when I start doing my job after the degree. I gain confidence in my university time as I always feel it difficult before my degree to be confident in myself. However, after building structural concepts in Civil engineering I wanted also to learn management skills in depth, as designing the building and running the project effectively at the site are two different fields so to cope with it I decided to take up an MSc. Construction course at Birmingham City University. While C ivil Engineering has been very effective at equipping me with the technical skills of the trade, I find it both useful and practical to be able to acquire the soft skills of management to become a good manager. I feel that in taking up this course, my career horizon would be broadened since I will not be limited only to the Engineering profession. The management component of the course would help me apply it cross functionally. It shall then open new career avenues for me as a professional. Moreover, learning questionnaire results suggests that I am pragmatist type of person according to it I can solve problem in a realistic way which suits the present conditions rather then obeying fixed theories, ideas or rules. Also my MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) results suggest that I am an INTJ (Introverted Intuition with Extraverted thinking). Stage 2: Learning from Practice Technical Knowledge The first situation which I want to share on the importance of technical knowledge was when I was assigned a new member of staff who was then tasked to handle a fairly important project even if he was new. The organisation I was working was one of the leading construction company of middle east and my role in the office was an assistant project manager. To train the new staff was quite difficult because I had to ensure that his learning curve was quite fast. If not, his project time line would be adversely affected. To be able to ably lead him, I realised that project management skills are a requisite. This necessarily meant being very familiar with the specifications of the project and be able to translate these requirements into a concrete work plan. Moreover, it is also important to be able to have the basic technical knowledge required with working within one’s industry. When the leader does not have such requisite technical knowledge, it becomes a basis for a sense of ine quity among those that he leads. For example, the staff say, ‘How come he was designated to be leader of the group, when I feel that I am even better than him? In this particular case, I felt that I exercised good project management skills since we were able to accomplish what we had set out to reach during the beginning of my assignment as interim superior. However, I was of course limited by my experience. For instance, in this particular case the project that my member of staff has been assigned with was something I was already familiar with, and so I did not have a hard time handling a similar project. In the highly technical aspects of a project, I am honest enough to approach someone who is knowledgeable in that aspect, and ask questions. I am most willing to enter into a buddy up or mentoring relationship with a senior or guru in technical areas, and for this particular situation I also seek help from one of my colleague who was working with me. I took advice from him o n particular matters and issues where I felt that I cannot dealt with it properly (Knowledge boundaries) and convey the information I gained from my colleague to the new staff who was under my supervision to enhance his skills. Organisational Knowledge In the middle of last year, my superior had to take an emergency leave for a substantially long period of time. This necessitated someone taking on the role in the interim. As a direct consequence of this appointment, I had to manage 3 staff who were formerly my equals. This introduced complexity in the way my colleagues and I related to each other. One factor which aggravated the situation was the fact that my superior did not have the time to endorse the role properly because of the flurry with which he had to leave. Although according to company procedures and rules the person who is leaving his post has to give proper understanding about the procedures of the company and the responsibilities he was dealing with to the new coming employee. At first, I felt overwhelmed with my new role, because this meant more responsibility. Moreover, I was very conscious of how my colleagues would react to my appointment. Two of the three staff who then became my staff for two months were happy w ith the arrangement; however one member of staff had very serious motivational issues that were directly brought about by my being appointed to the new post. This man had longer tenure and thus more experience in the company compared to me; a culture of entitlement which has pervaded in the company for a long time has created a strong expectation in him of being the next in line, in terms of leadership of the team. Quite obviously, I had a tough time influencing him to follow my lead to be able to accomplish the tasks in the workplan set for the month. The feelings of anxiety, ambiguity, and pressure all built up within the team. These were clearly attested to by the behaviour of the problematic staff. He had frequent absences, did not respond appropriately when called upon, and did not follow instructions as expected. It was a nightmare! What complicated the matter more was the fact that we belonged to different cultures. This colleague was from a collectivist culture (India), and this introduced peculiarities in the way he reacted to the whole situation. I had to be able comprehend why he reacted the way he did and be able to address issues from its roots. I felt that there was shortcoming in terms of clarifying the organisation that my superior has envisioned while he was absent. Given the circumstances that we were in at that time, there was little time for him to endorse the role formally and to orient my staff about my new role and what the expectations were from their end. Role ambiguity then resulted from the newly established organisation, causing conflict between me as an informal superior and the problematic employee who had aspirations of being promoted. Much had to be done from my end to be able to establish a sense of equity among the members of the team mainly through a thorough discussion of roles, tasks and expectations. First, I had to orient them about the situation, saying that this set-up was in fact only for the interim, until such time that my boss came back to lead our team again. Rapport building also had to be done so that even as the organisational structure was not formal in itself, I would have enough influen ce on them to enable me to deliver the set goals. Next, I had to call frequent meetings to be able to set clear goals. In carrying out the planning process, I ensured that each one’s objectives were specific, measurable, attainable and realistic. I also took the chance to be able to clarify the processes and procedures that we ought to follow during the 3 months that we were tasked to work together. The conflicts that I have encountered are mainly caused by personality clashes –differences in opinions and ideas that have complicated the set-up at the outset. Relationships The third situation which focuses on relationships is one in which I had to deal with the older staff who had aspirations of being promoted (same illustration as that of Organisational Knowledge). At that time, I was assigned as a team lead for 3 months, which caused conflict between the two us. Apart from the fact that he was older in terms of both age and tenure, I have also noticed that we were very different in terms of personality and this all the more aggravated the way we dealt with each other. The primary reasons for conflict were differences in the perceptions among the parties involved in the situation. For instance, I have an INTJ (Introverted Intuition with Extraverted thinking) profile, which precludes me from being expressive of my feelings and emotions. My staff turned out to be very vocal and confrontational about how they felt about the situation, and I felt it took a lot of effort on my end to be able to reach an equilibrium within the team. One of my weaknesses is not being too open to feedback and constructive criticism, which also did not help in establishing rapport with my staff. There was much that needed to be delivered during that period, by the team, and it did not help that my staff did not have the motivation to deliver these because of psychological and emotional hurdles. I tried my best to motivate them by matching tasks with people very prudently, considering both their strengths and weaknesses. I accorded them autonomy in doing things, and was only there on a consultative role, rather than dictating what they should do on a day-to-day basis. When I was asked by my boss to act as a team lead for 3 months with this difficult staff in tow, I had to make sure that I gave him and the rest of my team members effective feedback without sounding too bossy or authoritative. This was important since improving work performance and providing feedback about it should be a routine part of the performance management process. Feedback should be based on observed and/or verifiable work-related behaviours, actions, statements, and results. This type of feedback is called behavioural feedback. Effective feedback helps the employee sustain good performance, to develop new skills and to improve performance when necessary. I also ensured that each member of my team knew what I expected from him or her in terms of goals. Goals or objectives are statements of intent to achieve specific business results. I ensured that they were measurable, controllable and were directly related to such results. I realised that in setting goals or objectives, they should be specific and significant, measurable, achievable, results-oriented, time-bound, engaging, and reviewed. Apart from this, I ensured that my team should be given constant feedback to know how well they are doing their tasks. Feedback giving also increases the effectiveness of goal setting, feedback should be provided to the employee on his progress in reaching his goal. My feedback can include verbally telling my staff how he is doing, placing a chart on a wall, or displaying a certain color of light in work pace will result in goal attainment and a different color of light when the pace is too slow to reach the goal. I also learned that feedback increases performance best when it is positive and informational rather than negative and controlling. Situation outside of organizational perspective In my role as a family member, there was a time when conflict arose because of lack of role clarification. In our households, we have various roles to play which may be equally important: parent, son, father, and so on. We also have tasks to deliver to be able to sufficiently perform these roles. In one instance, my sibling and I had conflict because it was not clear who would prepare a particular family activity. Both of us were busy with our respective professions/careers and nobody seemed to have the time to prepare this social activity. They expected that I will handle all the arrangements of the activity myself as I am elder in my brother and sisters. Although I was not good in arranging and managing the big party functions at home. The matter come to critical point when at the time of the party function no formal or informal arrangements have been made for the coming guests and this create embarrassment in the family and i was made responsible for this situation. In the end, we were able to resolve the conflict by thoroughly communicating about the activity, specifying who would do what and by when. I realised through this experience the criticality of effective communication, not only within the sphere of the enterprise, but even within the realm of personal relationships. Assigning job responsibilities among participants before the time of any event is important and necessary. Wider learning and New Narrative Technical development. I have realised that one source of power and authority is the level of technical knowledge that one has. To be able to develop a stronger business sense, achievement orientation, and technical competence as well, I would like to have a mentoring relationship with a guru, or at least someone who is more senior than me who works in a field I am interested in pursuing. I want to learn both technical and soft competencies through this mentoring relationship. It would also be useful to attend seminars or workshops that focus on business acumen and strategy since these are among my weaknesses. I am also interested in pursuing classes that may sharpen my interpersonal relationship skills so that I may leverage more on my social networks and see things from a long term view. Areas which I need to develop. In the end, the situation which I have discussed above in technical, organizational knowledge and relationships has been very helpful in making me realise what I need to improve in myself. I realised that first and foremost, I must be able to understand myself to be able to better relate with others. In fact, because of the experience I got during my job, I have volunteered to take the MBTI just to provide better insight on how my personality affects the way I relate to others. Based on my personal assessment and feedback from others, my strengths as a leader (at least during the time I took on the post of my boss) include leading by example and being a strategic thinker. However, I have several areas for improvement which I may further develop, including being more imaginative and creative; being mature and developing a clear and convincing vision for the future; creating a performing organisation and team and being a team player myself; extracting val ue from social networks; pursuing goals long term; positive framing of events and people; recognizing opportunities for absorbing uncertainty; learning from all over the world; and seeing and preserving the whole venture in a long-term prospective. I am also very good at probing attested to my high score in being an investigator. However, a weakness may be not being too open to feedback and constructive criticism. Moreover, my MBTI results suggest that I am an INTJ. This suggests that I am insightful, conceptual and creative; rational, detached and objectively critical; am likely to have a clear vision of future possibilities; apt to enjoy complex challenges; am likely to value knowledge and competence; apply high standards to themselves and others; independent; trust their own judgments and perceptions more than those of others; and usually seen by others as private, reserved and hard to know. While I may be able to work more effectively with those who have the same profile, I must be able to adapt to those who have a different preference. To make this possible, I should be able to exercise situational leadership – that is, being able to assess both the needs of my staff and the circumstances to be able to manage or lead him more effectively. Many of the areas that I need to develop are not necessarily technical but have much to do with people Finally, after experiencing this situation, I have a more staunch desire to develop my leadership potential in the upcoming years. Everything that I will do or say as a leader will be greater than before in importance beyond all reason. Having the aim to develop and achieve objectives has geared me for success. I have enough motivation to exert all my best efforts to realise my capabilities and be able to use them in harnessing my skills. Aiming to be a leader entails a lot of effort; I should be responsible with my actions and be sympathetic with others. I should be prepared with radical changes in behaviours and become a critical thinker towards management affairs and issues. All people have their own abilities to lead, but not all are given the opportunity to lead, so, given the chance to lead I will definitely grab the chance of proving my capabilities in leading people and making a difference in future. After this experience, my belief that effective leaders are not born with the talent of knowing how to lead has been reinforced. To a certain extent, they absorb knowledge, they gain experience, they listen to and see the world around and beyond their organisation. They are also competent of providing the qualities of leadership required for particular conditions. There are various types of effective leaders and they are the transformational leader, the pragmatic leader and the charismatic leader; however these unique qualities can be mixed altogether in one person in different times and ways . I have learned that leaders can truly become transformational when they boost awareness of what is good, right, beautiful and important; when they facilitate to raise the needs of the followers in terms of self-actualisation and achievement; when they cultivate high moral maturity in followers; and when they push followers to go further than their self-interests for the benefit of their organisation, society or group. Embracing the theory of transformational leadership and having the objective of developing my leadership skills, I would like to see myself as a transformational leader, who can so meday rebuild and organisation without having to enforce personality but instead appeal to people, influence them and be able to gain their respect and trust ,As a leader, I would like to develop my ability to portray a clear vision, to see a realisable goal for the team’s action and efforts of accomplishing unified goals. I would like to be someone who will trust people, who will provide their needed resources and someone who will encourage them to go forward. I know I can lead, since everyone can learn how to lead by realizing the capability of each person to respond to the call of leadership and be able to make a difference. Having the will to learn, anyone can take the challenge of leadership to another level, because leadership can be practised in all aspects of life; it is a an aptitude that I can learn to broaden my perception, set goals and have a holistic understanding of human behaviour and act in full force to be able to get to where I want to be. Because of the serious time constraints which I have experienced, I realised that I should strive to live the time management principles that are taught by Stephen Covey to seriously develop my leadership potential. According to the third habit, a manager must be able to â€Å"put first things first† . In my line of work, I have to learn how to prioritize tasks based on sense of urgency and importance. Many times during that period, there were so many things, people and situations that easily distracted me from the task that I have at hand. I have observed this among the staff that I supervised. The phone ringing, emails, unnecessary breaks, among others. I am striving to make efficient use of my time by reducing if not totally avoiding activities that do are both not urgent and not important. These are activities that fall under Stephen Covey’s 4th quadrant. I also wish to emphasise those tasks which are important and yet are not urgent. In being able to constantly pri oritise these tasks, I will not have to cram or be up in a flurry all the time. Sometimes, these activities start out as not urgent, and yet because of procrastination, they eventually turn out to be urgent. This discipline of constant work (and not cramming) is important in effective time management. I should also be able to allot sufficient time for other facets of my life, including social, spiritual, and emotional facets, which are as equally important as my work or professional life Organizational structural development I have realized that organizational structure change and development needs to be effectively and constantly managed to ensure the team shall be able to deliver the results expected. I feel that it is very important for a successful leader to know how to motivate his employees. Why was the transition to my leadership difficult? The difficulty actually lies in intangible factors, particularly spelling out our team’s culture. I now learn that there is both a visible and an invisible organisation. The former focuses on the easily observable components of the organisation, including its tools, processes, roles, and other components within the formal parameters of the group. Underneath these tangibles are the more influential facets which make up our culture, namely, our customers, values, beliefs, taboos, stereotypes, traditions, language, and behaviours. In effect, when transitioning into this new set-up of leadership, I had to understand all these intangibles. If this is not done , then the leadership change would have ostensibly failed because only the formal structures have been moved for the change, but not those which are practically more important. I have seen how my staff have set goals and teams can influence work behaviour by influencing these goals. I encouraged participation in goal setting among my staff to increase commitment and acceptance of the new set-up. I also realised that individual goal setting was more effective than group goals because it is the impact of goals on intentions that is important. However, I also do realise that although participation in goal setting may increase satisfaction, it does not always lead to higher performance. As much as possible, I would strive to involve my staff in decisions that affect them and ensure that their targets are challenging enough to keep them motivated. Due to fact that the problematic employee had a different culture, I also learned that the way in which the social environment is interpreted is strongly influenced by the cultural background of the perceiver. This implies that the attributes that are seen as characteristic or prototypical for leaders may also strongly vary in different cultures. I had to exert influence and exercise leadership with prudent consideration of the culture of the staff. Finally, knowledge on the peculiarities of motivating employees from across cultures is critical if I am to espouse a multi-cultural work setting, And I will motivate people in future by keeping a deep look at their needs, for example some people get motivated if their salary is increased and some people like that their job responsibilities increase. I want to develop further my ability to create a strong sense of equity among my employees or staff in future. Through this experience, I realised that people choose the behaviour they believe will maximize their payoff. It states that people look at various actions and choose the one they believe is most likely to lead to the rewards they want the most. I learned that anticipation of rewards is important as well as the perceived contingency between the behaviours desired by the organisation and the desired rewards I also learned that since different people desire different rewards, I must, as superior, try to match rewards with what my staff want. On my end as an interim superior, it is important that I have a knowledge of the rewards that appeal to them so that I may match these with their attainment of objectives, and in future I will try to be more socialise among my employees so that I better know about their need and demands. References Bass, B. (1990). Bass Stogdills handbook of leadership: theory, research and managerial applications. New York: The Free Press. Covey, S. (2000). The 7 habits of highly effective people. Running Press Publishers. Hartog, D. N., House, R.. J., Hanges, P. J., et al. (1999). 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