Essay about Heart of Darkness Psychoanalytic Criticism

Heart of Darkness: Psychoanalytic Criticism Psychoanalytic criticism originated in the work of Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, who pioneered the technique of psychoanalysis. Freud developed a language that described, a model that explained, and a theory that encompassed human psychology. His theories are directly and indirectly concerned with the nature of the unconscious mind. Through his multiple case studies, Freud managed to find convincing evidence that most of our actions are motivated by psychological forces over which we have very limited control (Guerin 127). One of Freud’s most important contributions to the study of the psyche is his theory of repression: the unconscious mind is a repository of repressed desires,†¦show more content†¦And though a large part of the ego is unconscious, it nevertheless includes what we think of as the conscious mind. The superego is a projection of the ego. It is the moral censoring agency; the part that makes moral judgments and the repository of conscience and pride. It brings reason, order and social acceptability to the otherwise uncontrolled and potentially harmful realm of biological impulses (Guerin 128-31). Freud’s theories have launched what is now known as the psychoanalytic approach to literature. Freud was interested in writers, especially those who depended largely on symbols. Such writers tend to tinge their ideas and figures with mystery or ambiguity that only make sense once interpreted, just as the analyst tries to figure out the dreams and bizarre actions that the unconscious mind of a neurotic releases out of repression. A work of literature is thus treated as a fantasy or a dream that Freudian analysis comes to explain the nature of the mind that produced it. The purpose of a work of art is what psychoanalysis has found to be the purpose of the dream: the secret gratification of an infantile and forbidden wish that has been repressed into the unconscious (Wright 765). The literal surface of a work of literature is sometimes called the â€Å"manifest content† and treated as â€Å"manifest dream† or â€Å"dream story.† The psychoanalytic literary critic tries to analyze the latent, underlying content of the work, or the â€Å"dream thought† hidden inShow MoreRelatedHeart of Darkness Themes Essay1654 Words   |  7 PagesJacob Lachini Ms. Batten ENG 4U1-03 Monday, October 29th, 2012. Literary Criticisms in Relation to Heart of Darkness Interpretation is the revenge of the intellect upon art. Even more. It is the revenge of the intellect upon the world. To interpret is to impoverish, to deplete the world -- in order to set up a shadow world of meanings,† Susan Sontag. It is a persons interpretation of any form of literary work that defines itself, what the author intends a reader to discover may be completelyRead MoreHills Like White Elephants by Ernest Hemingway Essay examples882 Words   |  4 PagesElephants by Ernest Hemingway â€Å"Which line of criticism best suits this short story? Ernest Hemingway’s ‘Hills Like White Elephants’ is suited to a Psychoanalytic perspective criticism and is the most effective, as it contains hidden, deeper meanings which the author had represented in this piece, by explicating the text to explore the themes of choices, plot, setting and imagery, and essentially abortion. Psychoanalytic criticism expresses the secret unconscious desires and Read MoreEssay Psychoanalytic Criticism1137 Words   |  5 PagesPsychoanalytic Criticism Introduction The psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud spent much of his life exploring the workings of the unconscious. Freuds work has influenced society in ways which we take for granted. When we speak of Freudian slips or look for hidden causes behind irrational behavior, we are using aspects of Freudian analysis. Many literary critics have also adopted Freuds various theories and methods. In order to define Freudian literary criticism, we will examine how various criticsRead MoreHeart of Darkness in the Light of Psychoanalytic Theories.4599 Words   |  19 PagesPsychoanalytic Criticism Psychoanalytic criticism originated in the work of Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud, who pioneered the technique of psychoanalysis. Freud developed a language that described, a model that explained, and a theory that encompassed human psychology. His theories are directly and indirectly concerned with the nature of the unconscious mind. Through his multiple case studies, Freud managed to find convincing evidence that most of our actions are motivated by psychologicalRead MorePsychoanalytic Criticism Originated In The Work Of Austrian1287 Words   |  6 PagesPsychoanalytic criticism originated in the work of Austrian psychoanalyst Sigmund Freud. Freud discovered that most of our actions are motivated by psychological forces over which we have very limited control. One of Freud’s most important contributions to the study of the psyche is his theory of repression: the unconscious mind is a repository of repressed desires, feelings, memories, wishes and instinctual dri ves. A principal element in Freud’s theory is his assignment of the mental processes toRead MoreSons And Lovers : Psychoanalytic Criticism Essay1613 Words   |  7 PagesSons and Lovers: Psychoanalytic Criticism David Herbert Lawrence was born September 11, 1885 in a small coal mining village in Nottingham, England. He was the fourth child of Arthur and Lydia Lawrence. Arthur was a coal miner who worked in the mine from age ten until he was sixty-six. Lydia the more educated out of the two was born into a lower-middle class family; this changed when her father suffered a financial disaster. She passed down to her sons the profound desire to move out of the workingRead MorePsychoanalytic Criticism Of Sons And Lovers1597 Words   |  7 Pageshis ability to form lasting relationship with other women. The book can be best understood using the psychoanalytic lens because many events and characters in the book are based on people in Lawrence’s life. Psychoanalytic criticism is a method of interpreting text that developed by Sigmund Freud that tells the reader about how literacy text is formed and the meaning of the formation. This criticism claims that literature is ambiguous, having a conscious (surface meaning) and unconscious meaning Read MorePsychoanalytic Perspective Of Kurtz s Heart Of Darkness1200 Words   |  5 PagesHari Krishnan - Period 4 Post AP Literary Theory - Dr. Parchesky September 29th, 2017 Psychoanalytic perspective of Kurtz in Heart of Darkness The novel Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad reveals the uncanny similarities between the Europeans and the natives as well as demonstrates why imperialism is not â€Å"civilizing† the natives. Although Conrad often dehumanizes the natives, he still demonstrates that Europeans still are savage in some ways. Kurtz is an example of the savagery still remnant in EuropeanRead More Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness and Carl Jungs Principle of Opposites2119 Words   |  9 Pagespioneer of psychoanalytic theory along with his former partner and mentor, Sigmund Freud. Though Jung split from Freud and diverged onto his own unbeaten trail of psychoanalysis two years before his decease, they are both highly revered for the myriad of ways in which they developed the understanding of the mind. Parallel to this period, Joseph Conrad penned and published the novella Heart of Darkness, which tackled much of what Jung had found about the psyche and its inner workings. In Heart of Darkn essRead MoreEssay about Psychoanalytic Literary Criticism2493 Words   |  10 Pagesauthor of the story is protruding their own subconscious thoughts and beliefs through their characters? Absolutely, most critics have adapted psychoanalytic literary criticism theory based upon the works of psychoanalysis by famous psychologists Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Jacques Lacan to literary works. Psychoanalytic literary criticism does not constitute a unified field....However, all variants endorse, at least to a certain degree, the idea that literature...is fundamentally

The Invasion Of Japan Into China - 1660 Words

The Japanese and Chinese have always had disputes with one another, and one of the biggest reasons for the Chinese and Japanese hating each other is the Invasion of Japan into China. It began with Japan invading and occupying Manchuria causing the hatred between the two countries to grow immensely. According to the New World encyclopedia, what made matter worse, was that China was at war with itself, the war was between the Chinese Nationalist Party and the Chinese Communist Party. Sun Yat-sen dies in 1925, soon after, commander in chief Chiang Kai-Shek of the National Army set out on an expedition to the North. This expedition was an effort to exterminate the commanders of the war and as well as feudalism. However, when a year passes, in 1926, the Nationalist Party had divided into left and right factions where communism had begun to grow from the inside out. After many disputes, on April 7, 1927, Chiang and other nationalist had decided to hold a meeting where they had decided the communist were being socially and economically disruptive. They would then join together in order to suppress them and keep the national revolution ongoing. Hence on April 12, Nationalist leader Chiang commenced an expulsion of the communist in the Shanghai area, leading to the execution and arrest of hundreds of communist members. This became known as the â€Å"Shanghai Massacre†, enraged, the communist would attempt to conquer cities such as Changsha, Guangzhou, Nanchang, and Shantou. After manyShow MoreRelatedJapan Invades China (1931-37)1567 Words   |  7 PagesJapan invades China (1931-37) Japan’s main objectives of invading China in 1931 were to destroy communism and poses control over neighboring areas on the Asian continent. It was believed such a control was necessary to be able to issue possible military threats and inquire the natural resources needed to insure Japan’s economic independence. â€Å"By defeating Russia in the Russo-Japanese War of 1904–1905, Japan acquired possession of Russia’s Liaodong Peninsula Leasehold, which she renamed the KwantungRead MoreThe Roles Played by Different Countries during World War II1483 Words   |  6 Pagesfought between two major military alliances namely the axis powers and the allies. The Axis power was a group of countries led by Nazi Germany, kingdom of Italy and empire of Japan. The allies led by united kingdom were joined later on Soviet Union and United states of America. The allies were represented by republic of China in pacific. Let us have a closer look at these two millitary allianc es. The Axis Power: Axis nations or axis countries were the one that fought agains the allied nations inRead MoreThe Treaty Of Versailles And The Great Depression1068 Words   |  5 Pagesof peace based on a true mindset of forgiveness and compromise. Although member states were originally optimistic of the League, it soon proved to be a failure due to several difficulties. The Great Depression, the Japanese invasion of Manchuria, and the Italian invasion of Abyssinia led to the great failure of collective security, eventually leading to the start of the Second World War in 1939. The Great Depression, a world economic crisis that began in 1929, had a drastic effect on the failureRead MoreEast Asian Union : The World Trade Organization1468 Words   |  6 Pagesin November 1, 1993. After that, other European countries became the member of the EU to promote the development of the whole Europe. Currently, the US, the only superpower country in this planet, is still looking for the assistance with the EU and Japan, South Korea and etc. The establishment of the World Bank, the World Trade Organization verifies the significance of the cooperation as well. Hence, for the future of globalization in East Asia, East Asia countries should set up an East Asian UnionRead MoreContinuing The Greater Co Prosperity Sphere Through Oil Independence1698 Words   |  7 PagesContinuing the Greater Co-Prosperity Sphere Through Oil Independence 1. Addressing the Problem: Due to the Japanese presence in China during the late 1930s and early 1940s, the United States embargoed oil exports to Japan as a punishment for interfering with the open trade policy in China. This embargo was detrimental to the Japanese supply because Japan depended on the US for 80% of its imported oil. The Japanese also had no significant natural sources of oil in its possession. Therefore, the oilRead MoreAnalysis1035 Words   |  5 Pagesleft behind, but to Delgado, it’s more credible that telling what the Japanese told at the time that was exaggerated by not only just the writers but also with religious meanings. Khan was headed for Japan to conquer, so to fully understand Khan’s fleet’s, he explained why Khan wanted to control Japan. The Mongol Empire was one of conquest and expansion since it’s conception with it’s famous leader Genghis Khan. Kublai, being his grandson, wanted to live up to his fathers’ names (Kublai’s fatherRead MoreReasons for the Failure of the League of Nations Essay1254 Words   |  6 PagesJapanese invasion of Manchuria. Japans economy and population had been growing rapidly since the 1900s,and was a major economy by the 1920s. It had a very powerful army and navy, so any leader dictated government policy. It had a strong industry exporting goods to the USA and China, and its empire was growing, including the Korean peninsula. After the Depression China and the US put tariffs on Japans goods causing its economy to go into crisis and without the trade Japan was Read MoreJap A Nation Of Ancient Traditions And Little Contact With The Western World1197 Words   |  5 PagesJapan was a nation of ancient traditions and little contact with the Western world until the late 1800’s. Japan began trade with America and other nations due to visits from Commodore Perry and American warships in the late 1850’s. In the years that followed, Japan took big steps toward being a modern industrial nation. Japan was a strong nation by the 1920-30’s but lacked its own natural resources. Japan looked to nearby countries like Korea and China for the majority of their products however Japan’sRead MoreAre Manchurian and Outer Mongolia Sovereign States?864 Words   |  3 PagesIntroduction In the following paragraphs will prove that Manchurian is not a sovereign state while Outer Mongolia is. Declarative theory and constitutive theory will be used for explanation. Attitude of China towards the two cases will be discussed and finally will be the conclusion. Manchurian Declarative theory Manchurian seems can fulfill the conditions of statehood in terms of declaratory theory. But actual practice implicates she cannot fulfill the conditions. Declaratory theory refers toRead MoreThe impact of the Scientific and the Industrial Revolution1060 Words   |  4 PagesEast Asian countries, such as China, Korea and Japan were encountering modernization and westernization which was involved by these western countries. Therefore, it is worth to discuss the political, social and economic situations of East Asia and how the fundamental strengths of East Asian civilization turned out to be liabilities that put off their processing or became a more rapid and successful answer to the Western challenge. In the period of eighteenth century, China had enjoyed a living standard

Banking Regulations in Australia for Past - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBanking Regulations in Australiafor Past, Present Future. Answer: The financial system of Australia has experienced instrumental change since its inception. Though the difference between the different forms of financial institutions has blurred with time, the structure of this system is usually typified in context of the primary institutions which operate within it. Based on this, four major developments in the financial system structure of Australia stand out. The first and foremost is the rise in significance of banks, which directly make up for half of the assets of the overall financial system today, up from 40% in 1985. Besides the conventional lending and retail deposit taking functions, banks are engaged in almost every facet of financial intermediation, such as fund management, insurance, stockbroking, financial markets and business banking. Currently, there are 53 banks in the country, out of which 14 are Australia owned. The four biggest banks within the banking system of the nation are Westpac Banking Corporation, Commonwealth Bank of Au stralia, National Australia Bank, and ANZ Banking Group (Goodhart et al., 2013). The present essay delves into the history, present and future of banking regulation in Australia. In 1911, the Commonwealth Bank of Australia was set up through an Act. This institution was later on renamed as Reserve Bank of Australia in 1959 under the law, to discharge central banking functions. The commercial and savings functions were moved to a separate body corporate, that held the original name of Commonwealth Bank of Australia. The power to formulate laws regarding banking and currency was then vested with the Australian Parliament after the Federation of the Australian States into the Commonwealth of Australia. During 1911, the Bank was given the responsibility of the regular functions of savings and commercial banking under the initial Commonwealth Bank Act (Paterson and Mallesons, 2017). It did not hold central banking remit, nor was it in charge of issuing notes. The Governor had the management of the Bank under his authority. The Bank commenced business during mid-1912. The Treasury Department was administering note issue at that time. The duty of issuing notes was given to a Notes Board in 1920, from the Treasury. This board comprised of four people who were assigned by the Government. By virtue of his position, the Governor of the Bank was also a member of the Notes Board. Note issue was resultantly administered by the Bank, although the two bodies were independent of one another. After amendments in the Commonwealth Bank Act 1924, the control of issuing notes was transferred to the Bank. Board, comprising of 8 directors, was given the administration of this (Black, Kirkwood and Shah, 2009). Since then till 1945, the central banking functions of the Bank evolved steadily, principally to counter the demands of the financial crisis during the 1930s and subsequently by formal extension of its authority under wartime legislations. These encompassed exchange control plus a plethora of other controls over the system. The reformed Commonwealth Bank Act in conjunction with the Banking Act, both created during 1945, made the Banks powers pertaining to the overseeing of banking and fiscal policy and forex control official. The board ceased in existence as per the legislation of 1945 and in its place, came an advisory council which had 6 members (officials from the Treasury and Bank). The legislation clearly mentioned that the Governor would still be accountable for Banks management (McCoach and Landy, 2013). Nonetheless, a new Act in 1951, created a new board which comprised ten members and the Governor was still responsible for management of the Bank. This has long been the structure of the board since then, barring a few modifications. As aforementioned, the Reserve Bank Act of 1959 conserved the initial body corporate, under the name of RBA, to undertake the central functions of banking of the Commonwealth Bank, which had developed gradually; other Acts differentiated the savings banking and commercial banking activities into the new formed Commonwealth Banking Corporation. The Reserve Bank Act of 1959 became enforceable from January 14th, 1960 (Wallison, 2013). There were not many significant modifications in the activities of the RBA until the removal of exchange control subsequent the float of the countrys currency in 1983. However, there were some gradual shift toward market-centric techniques of executing monetary policy, a movement from the system of direct controls on the countrys banks. The Campbell Committee, an important financial system inquiry was formed in 1979, and five years after its appointment, the financial scenario of Australia changed to a virtually deregulated system. During the same time, th e RBA developed a specialized banking supervisory function (Putnis, 2014). One more inquiry (the Wallis Committee) was announced into the Australian Financial system in 1996. This inquiry presented two important outcomes for the Bank, which were both enforceable from July 1st, 1998. The function of banking supervision was shifted to a newly formed body, the Australian Prudential Regulation Authority (APRA), from the RBA. The APRA was given control of supervising every deposit taking institution. Amendments were also made in the Reserve Bank Act to form a new Payments System Board, with an obligation to advocate the efficiency and safety of the payments system of Australia. New Acts the Payment Systems and Netting Act 1998 and the Payment Systems Act 1998 were introduced, providing the Bank pertinent authorities in this domain (McNally, Chambers and Thompson, 2004). Presently, the RBA, APRA and the Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) are the main regulators of the banking system in Australia. The RBA is the central bank with the enduring responsibility for the Australian payment systems efficiency and safety and the stability of the countrys monetary policy and financial system. The RBA does not have any involvement in prudential supervision of the ADIs. Exchange control is also technically a function of the RBA, nonetheless, on a real scale, RBA permission is not needed when forex transactions are carried out by money market dealers or forex dealers who have been sanctioned by the ASIC (Calipo and Rehder, 2017). The RBA is also not responsible for managing sanctions in relation to forex control after the Autonomous Sanctions Regulations was introduced in 2011. This duty is now of the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade. The Foreign Affairs and Trade Minister has the authority to assign an entity or a person, to whom prov ision of assets is prescribed. The APRA regulates institutions in the Australian financial sector. It licenses and prudentially supervises all ADIs and NOHCs sanctioned by APRA. It also supervises general and life insurance firms plus superannuation funds. Such supervisory powers of the APRA emerge from a series of legislation, mainly, from the Superannuation Industry Act 1993, the Life Insurance Act 1995 as well as the Banking Act. While discharging its powers and functions, the institution needs to balance the goals of efficiency and financial safety, competitive neutrality, contestability and competition, and in balancing such goals, to advocate the stability of Australian financial system (Bailey, Davies and Dixon, 2004.). The ASIC is responsible for promoting and monitoring market integrity in addition to customer protection. This includes oversight of the market conduct and disclosure of Australian firms, and for licensing pertaining to financial services and products. ASIC, in collaboration with the RBA, is also accountable to take some regulatory steps to mitigate systematic risk in settlement and clearing systems. For this purpose, the ASIC has authority under the Corporations Act 2001 pertaining to the standard establishment, licensing and direction of providers of settlement and clearing facilities (Lui, 2016). The Australian Treasury is obligated to advise the government on the stability of its financial system as well as on supervisory and governmental matters regarding financial system infrastructure. The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) is the countrys consumer and competition protection body accountable for advocating adherence to competition law by enforcing and admini stering the Competition and Consumer Act 2010. The ACC promotes competitive markets by reprimanding firms that advocate their market influence by intentionally misleading customers or using restrictive trade practices. The Australian Transaction Reports and Analysis Centre is the regulator of anti-money laundering in Australia (Paterson and Mallesons, 2017). It oversees abidance with anti-money laundering laws by a broad spectrum of financial service providers encompassing all ADIs. The Banking Regulation situation in Australia has experienced immense activity in the past few years. This has overlapped with a reconsideration of the role of financial institutions in the Australian society. It also concurred with market pressures to alter the way banks have been managing their risks. Before the economic downturn, credit spreads were not high, leverage was available easily, banks had become extremely interconnected, and big maturity mismatch was common (Posner, 2009). Several financial assets had been perfectly priced, and various banks had underpinned their business models on the presumption that nothing would go unexpectedly. For some time everything was going as planned; banks were immensely profitable, and the worldwide growth was also robust. However, the risk was underpriced, and there was excessive leverage, and not much was being done to deal with the growing vulnerabilities (Gorajek and Turner, 2010). The outcome was that the citizens paid a heavy price. Luckily as compared to the worldwide developments, banks in Australia were faring relatively better. However, as finance is a global field, some of the implications of the events overseas were being experienced in Australia too. In the wake of this situation, it is not astonishing that regulators and the banks themselves seek to deal with the several issues. Capital ratios are being raised plus the capital quality is also being enhanced. Maturity transformation is reducing, and the banks are keeping greater liquid assets (Lowe, 2012). Such modifications are not just occurring because of the refined regulations, but also due to the demands of the marketplace. Cumulated, such modifications are raising the cost of financial intermediation undertaken across banks balance sheets. The choice which the society is making partially via the regulators is to pay more but have less of financial intermediation. The advantage that the society and regulators wish to attain is a stable and safer financial system. However, this choice has two major implications. The first is related to lending spreads as well as return on bank equity. The second is the high cost of financial intermediation (PWC, 2016). It is now time to turn toward the subject of the future course of financial regulation. This is definitely a vast topic. However, there are three major issues that need to be looked at. The first is the importance of supervision. One of the most evident lessons from banking history is that the financial sector always finds a way to connect savers with borrowers. New products are introduced, and a new type of financing emerges. Australia has witnessed several examples of this in previous decades. Reflecting back on the experience of past few years, it appears that rules are being seen as a replacement for supervision. This is a big mistake. Financial stability cannot be preserved only by rules. It demands competent and active supervision (Davis, 2012). Sound supervision requires a wholesome system focus. The supervisor ought to contemplate the implications of institutions adopting corresponding strategies. It requires reviewing the interrelatedness between banks closely. There is a ne ed to review developments in credit growth, asset prices and construction activity, and how are these apportioned across Australia. Subsequent to that, it requires comprehension of how the competitive dynamics are altering. The APRA is making genuine efforts to serve Australia through its approach to supervision which focuses on the entire industry. The RBA and Council of Financial Regulators are supporting the APRA, and these bodies have frequent discussions on system-wide developments (Ernst Young, 2013). It is crucial that with agreement and execution of new rules, such powerful attention to system-wide supervision is maintained. One of the things that have manifested due to the evolution of banking regulation in the last two decades is that the Basel committee has continuously raised the intrusiveness and complexity of regulations they suggest. During this time, the banks leverage has grown seen in the current fall in the ratio of equity to assets. The attention is on having capital requirements which have been risk-adjusted so that if the bank is involved in any risky business, it needs to maintain a higher capital ratio to serve as a buffer to safeguard depositors from loss. The problem is how to define risk (Posner, 2009). The last two decades of experience shows that is extremely difficult to define risk accurately, plus there are so many incentives for banks to involve in activities which are not seen as extremely risky by regulators. Hence, an alternative method is to establish a higher but simple leverage ratio, wherein the ratio is identified as a minimum amount of capital compared to the size of it s exposures. The risk here is that banks may react to it by indulging in greater-risk activities. However, there is no reason why the regulators cannot raise the minimum capital ratio which they need for any bank (Lowe, 2012). To recap, it is worth re-mentioning that the banks of Australia have performed far better than their global counterparts in the past some years. This is in part due to the robust economic outcomes in the country plus the approach of APRA toward supervision and regulation. However, it also shows higher lending standards of the Australian banks than some of their international peers plus their comparative restricted exposure to innovative and risky financial products. While the country did not get too much engulfed in the economic downturn, the North Atlantic crisis definitely has a considerable effect on its banking and financial system. This is taking place through the stiffening of regulation and marketplace developments. Several changes are positive and are likely to augment the resilience and safety of the banking system (Konzelmann and Davies, 2013). However, as these modifications happen, everyone having an inclination toward finance must do their best to comprehend the effect o n the availability and cost of finance. Also, the regulators must not neglect system-wide supervision. References Bailey, K., Davies, M. and Dixon, L., 2004. Asset Securitisation in Australia. Financial Stability Review. Black, S, Kirkwood, J. and Shah, I., 2009. Australian Corporates' Sources and Uses of Funds, RBA Bulletin, pp 112. Calipo, A. and Rehder, P., 2017. Banking Industry Outlook: Banking reimagined. Deloitte. Cornish, S., 2010. The Evolution of Central Banking in Australia. Reserve Bank of Australia, Sydney. Davis, K., 2012. A system at risk: the case for regulatory overhaul in Australias banking sector. [Online]. Available through: https://theconversation.com/a-system-at-risk-the-case-for-regulatory-overhaul-in-australias-banking-sector-6417. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. Ernst Young. 2013. Building the bank of 2030 and beyond. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.ey.com/Publication/vwLUAssets/EY_-_Building_the_bank_of_2030_and_beyond/$FILE/EY-Building-the-bank-of-2030-and-beyond.pdf. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. Goodhart, C., Hartmann, P., Llewellyn, D., Suarez, L. and Weisbrod, S., 2013. Financial Regulation: Why, How and Where Now? Routledge. Gorajek, A. and Turner, G., 2010. Australian Bank Capital and the Regulatory Framework. [Online]. Available through: https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2010/sep/6.html. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. Konzelmann, S. and Davies, M., 2013. Banking Systems in the Crisis: The Faces of Liberal Capitalism. Routledge. Lowe, P., 2012. Bank Regulation and the Future of BanGking. [Online]. Available through: https://www.rba.gov.au/speeches/2012/sp-dg-110712.html. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. Lui, A., 2016. Financial Stability and Prudential Regulation: A Comparative Approach to the UK, US, Canada, Australia and Germany. Taylor Francis. McCoach, L. and Landy, D., 2013. Australia. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.claytonutz.com/ArticleDocuments/178/Law-Business-Research-Banking-Regulation-Review-Australia-2013.pdf.aspx?Embed=Y. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. McNally, S., Chambers, S. and Thompson, C., 2004. The Australian Hedge Fund Industry. Financial Stability Review. Paterson, I. and Mallesons, W., 2017. Banking regulation in Australia: overview. Thomson Reuters. Posner, R., 2009. How Should Banking Be Regulated? The Atlantic. [Online]. Available through: https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2009/05/how-should-banking-be-regulated/17271/. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. Putnis, J., 2014. The Banking Regulation Review. Law Business Research Ltd. PWC. 2016. Escaping the commodity trap: the future of banking in Australia. [pdf]. Available through: https://www.pwc.com.au/pdf/pwc-report-future-of-banking-in-australia.pdf. [Accessed on 13th September 2017]. Wallison, P., 2013. Bad History, Worse Policy: How a False Narrative about the Financial Crisis Led to the Dodd-Frank Act. Rowman Littlefiled.

What Is A Hero Essays (796 words) - Chinese Communists, Rice

What Is A Hero? What is a hero? A hero is a person noted or admired for nobility, courage, or outstanding achievements. In the two stories I read the two main characters, although much different from each other in rank, had many things in common. In the story ?Field of Rice?- Buck, the character Wang San represents the traditional, ancestral values of life especially when it comes to knowledge of the land and growing rice. He believes rice should be grown close to the soil, and that this has proven successful in China for thousands of years. He risks getting himself and his villagers shot by voicing his opinion on how to plant rice to the communist authorities, represented by Comrade Li. Comrade Li wanted the villagers to cut deep into the soil with machines just like the Americans. However, Wang Sang disagreed he said it may be successful in America but it wouldn't work on China's ancient soil. Comrade Li is guided by the principles of Chairman Mao. He believes in communism and that everyone shares equally when it comes to food, clothing, and land. He accepted the new thinking that rice should be planted more deeply into the soil. He also believes on coming down hard on any villager who disobeys. He's completely brainwashed by the communist system to the extent that he denounces his own father who refused to become a communist, he saw this as his duty even though his father was shot. Wang San sees this ?duty? as a dangerous matter. He sees the dangers of having to choose family traditions and feelings over duty, but he does so anyways. He risks going to see Comrade Li on two occasions: One to try to make him change his mind and later to console him when the rice crop fails. Comrade Li realizes that he's been defeated and that he was wrong about the rice. He later turns a gun on himself as a result. Wang San to me is considered heroic because he does instinctively leap forward preventing Li from killing himself. Also because he was outspoken about his beliefs regardless of any consequences. In the story ?Blood of the Martyrs?-Benet, Professor Malzius admires the scientific ability of his students, but he wishes to remain ?aloof? when it comes to their personal lives, and their political concerns, out of the classroom. However, his students tell him things because they like his truthfulness; he hears of their political concerns even though he doesn't want to. He is lulled into a false sense of security because he assumes the new political regime would have no interest in him, for he is not a political person, only a biochemist. Therefore he assumes he'll be left alone, however he is wrong. Bonnard, Malzius' friend, is different; he did leave the new regime when it came into power. Also unlike Malzius he's politically active and vocal, he signs, protest, attends rallies and writes anti-government statements from a secure, distant land. It is ironic that he, and not Malzius, is free. Professor Malzius is imprisoned on insufficient evidence. He is maltreated and apparently held without trial for supposedly being a conspirator with his students in an underground, political movement. He was treated fairly badly. His glasses had been cracked as a result of numerous beatings. They are completely broken by the time he's led to his execution. He's had teeth missing and his knees has broken and poorly set. He feels he has a low blood count and he's probably correct. The dictator sees his state as one that will lead the world because he believes his people are superior to all other nations. The idea of republics and democracies must be squashed; everyone must submit to the will of the state. These are the ideas that the dictator wants Malzius to put across to people. This is what will gain Malzius his freedom from prison. Even though Malzius feels one political regime is just as good as another, and he could salute any dictator if need be, he does draw the line. Malzius has too much integrity as a scientist to spread lies. Scientists are engaged in the pursuit of truth, and to do anything less would be to shortchange students and